Dyslipidemia lab Flashcards
Atorvastatin brand
Lipitor
rosuvastatin brand
crestor
simvastatin brand
zocor
pravastatin brand
pravachol
lovastatin brand
altoprev
mevacor
pitavastatin brand
livalo
fluvastatin brand
lescol
statin MOA
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors that up-regulate LDL receptors and reduce cholesterol
statin AE
serious muscle toxicity (myopathy, rhabdomyolysis)
hepatotoxicity
increased incidence of T2DM
statin CI
acute liver disease
unexplained/persistent elevations of serum transaminases
pregnancy
breastfeeding
simvastatin drug-interactions (CI)
itraconazole
ketoconazole
posaconazole
erythromycin
clarithromycin
telithromycin
HIV protease inhibitors
nefazodone
gemfibrozil
cyclosporine
danazol
simvastatin dosage considerations
- dont exceed 10mg simvastatin daily with verapamil or diltiazem
- dont exceed 20mg simvastatin daily with amiodarone, amlodipine, or ranolazine
what are the 4 statin monitoring parameters?
FLP
LFTs
CK
Hepatic function
how should FLP be monitored in statins?
at baseline
4-12 weeks after initiation
then every 3-12 months
how should LFTs be monitored in statins?
baseline and repeat as clinically needed
discontinue treatment if LFTs exceed 3x ULN
how should CK be monitored in statins?
consider in patients at risk or those experiencing muscle symptoms
how should hepatic function be monitored in statins?
consider assessing in patients with signs of hepatotoxicity
ezetimibe brand
zetia
zetia MOA
cholesterol absorption inhibitor that inhibits NPC1L1
zetia AE
fatigue
diarrhea
GI upset
zetia CI
same as statins when used concomitantly with them
evolocumab brand
repatha
alirocumab brand
praluent
MOA of repatha/praluent
PCSK-9 inhibitors that promote the degradation of LDL receptors in the liver
PCSK9 inhibitors AE
gi upset
increased LFTs
injection site reaction
arthralgia
myalgia
influenza
cholestyramine brand
questran
colsevelem brand
welchol
colestipol brand
colestid
MOA of of the coles
bile acid sequestrants that inhibit bile acid reabsorption and up-regulate LDL receptors
bile acid sequestrants AE
constipation
bloating
N
flatulence
impaired absorption of fat soluble vitamins (ADEK)
hypernatremia
hypercholermia
GI obstruction
cholestyramine CI
complete biliary obstruction
colesevelam CI
history of bowel obstruction
TG over 500mg/dL
history of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis
bile acid sequestrant counseling
take other medications 1 hour before or 4 hours after BARS
may increase TGs
fenofibrate brand
tricor
gemfibrozil brand
lopid
MOA of fibrates
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activators that regulate gene transcription with retinoic acid receptor (RXR)
fibrates AE
GI disturbances
rash
myalgia
dizziness
gallstones
rhabdomyolysis
fibrates CI
history of gallbladder disease
ESRD
dialysis
persistent liver disease
fibrates counseling
use with caution with statins
may potentiate the effects of warfarin, statins, zetia, or sulfonylureas
omega-3 fatty acid brand
lovaza
icosapent ethyl brand
vascepa
icosapent ethyl MOA
omega-3 fatty acid that reduces TGs
Omega-3 fatty acids AE
increased LDL levels
GI disturbances
fishy taste/smell
belching
niacin brand
niacor
niacin MOA
vitamin that can reduce LDL and serum triglyercides at high doses
niacin AE
flushing
itching
tingling of upper body
headache
hepatotoxicity
hyperuricemia
hyperglycemia
increases LFTs
increased levels of statins
niacin CI
active hepatic disease
significant/unexplained persistent liver transaminase elevations
active peptic ulcer
arterial hemorrhage
niacin counseling
take aspirin 325mg 30 minutes before taking niacin
take close to meal times
avoid alcohol and hot drinks
