Dyslipidemia

Question 1

What is dyslipidemia?

Answer 1

Dyslipidemia is a disorder of lipoprotein metabolism characterized by an abnormal amount of lipid in the blood. There can be too little (hypolipidemia), or too much (hyperlipidemia). Characteristics of dyslipidemia include elevated total serum cholesterol levels, elevated serum triglyceride levels, elevated LDL levels, and decreased HDL levels in the blood. Genetic mutation is the primary cause of dyslipidemia, such as mutations that lead to deficient or defective receptors or apoproteins.

Dyslipidemias can be classified as hyperlipidemia or hypolipidemia

Question 2

It’s a decrease in levels or absence of lipoproteins

Answer 2

Hypolipidemia (or hypolipoproteinemia)

Question 3

It’s a hypolipidemia

Cause: Defect in gene coding for microsomal triacylglycerol transfer protein (MTTP)

Enzyme affected: MTTP

Presentation:

Hallmark symptom: Acanthocytes (thorny-appearing cells)

Characterized by malabsorption
of dietary lipid

steatorrhea (fatty stool)

accumulation of intestinal triglyceride.

Answer 3

Abetalipoproteinemia