Dyslexia And Visual Stress

Question 1

Visual stress incidence

Answer 1

• ## 10/20% of children

Question 2

Presentation of reading difficulty

Answer 2

• poor alphabetic coding skills
  -poor ability to identify names or words as a whole, but observed letter by letter

Question 3

Visual processing difficulties in visual stress

Answer 3

• oculomotor deficits -> eye movements sacades,conversion, and fusion deficits that impair form perception and left to right scanning
• magnocellular deficit -> fast processing, timing, smooth pursuit, eye movement control, bv control
• noise deficit -> over activity in cortex interferes with processing, lack of ability to inhibit cortical processes, improved with colour overlays

Question 4

Structures involving reading

Answer 4

• dorsal and ventral stream
• corpus callosum
• magnocellular cells
• oculomotor control
• binocular vision
• fixation control
• visual perception

Question 5

What is Meares Irlen syndrome

Answer 5

• another name for visual stress
• refers to reading difficulties, light sensitivity and headaches
  -visual discomfort and perceptual distortion an the benefit from colour are referred to as visual stress

Question 6

Common symptoms of visual stress

Answer 6

• moving words on a page
• jumbling of words
• poor convergence
• poor accommodation
• diplopia
• asthenopia
• headaches
• skipping words on a page
• losing place frequently
• struggling to copy from board

Question 7

Use of coloured overlays

Answer 7

• rate of reading test
• words are random so can’t guess next word
• count words per minute
• see which colour ha the best rate of reading test
• px is given an overlay to use for 3-6months