Dysarthrias Flashcards
lesion site of ataxic dysarthria
cerebellum
neuromotor basis of ataxic dysarthria
incoordination
common etiologies of ataxic dysarthria
any bilateral or generalized damage to the cerebellum including degenerative ataxia and demyelinating disease
articulation characteristics of ataxic dysarthria
imprecise consonants
irregular articulatory breakdowns
distortion of vowels
prosody characteristics of ataxic dysarthria
excessive and even stress
prolonged phonemes and intervals between
slow rate of speech
phonation characteristics of ataxic dysarthria
mono pitch
mono loudness
harshness
resonance characteristics of ataxic dysarthria
intermittent hyponasality
respiration characteristics of ataxic dysarthria
exaggerated and paradoxical mvmt during speech production
lesion site of flaccid dysarthria
LMN
neuoromotor basis of flaccid dysarthria
weakness and hypotonia
common etiologies of flaccid dysarthria
Any damage to LMN connections to muscles and/or CNs, including
- motor neuron disease
- progressive bulbar disease
- multiple systems atrophy
- myasthenia gravis
- botulism
- vascular diseases and brainstem strokes
- infections (polio, AIDS)
- Guillain Barre syndrome
- surgical trauma
Articulation characteristics of Flaccid dysarthria
imprecise consonants
weak pressure consonants (for lesions of CN V, VII, XII)
phonation/phonatory-prosodic characteristics of flaccid dysarthria
Breathy Audible inspiration Harshness Monopitch Monoloud or reduced loudness Short phrases
Resonance characteristics of flaccid dysarthria
Hypernasality
Nasal emission
Short phrases
Respiration characteristics of flaccid dysarthria
reduced sub glottal air pressure
weak inhalation
lesion site of hyperkinetic dysarthria
basal ganglia and/or basal ganglia connections within CNS
neuromotor basis for hyperkinetic dysarthria
Abnormal, extra movements
Common etiologies for hyperkinetic dysarthria
Huntington's disease Sydenham;s chorea Brainstem stroke TBI Toxic conditions Metabolic conditions (i.e., tardive dyskinesia) Tourette's syndrome Seizure disorders Spasmodic dysphonia
Articulation characteristics of hyperkinetic dysarthria
Imprecise consonants
Distorted vowels
Prosodic characteristics of hyperkinetic dysarthria
Slower rate of speech prolong interword intervals inappropriate client periods phoneme prolongations excess and equal stress reduced stress short phrases
phonation characteristics of hyperkinetic dysarthria
mono pitch
mono loudness
resonance characteristics of hyperkinetic dysarthria
hyper nasality (mild, in some cases)
respiration characteristics of hyperkinetic dysarthria
audible inspiration and forced/sudden inspiration or expiration
