Dysarthria: Respiratory Impairment Flashcards
What breathing pattern do typical speakers use when speaking?
- take a deep breath in
- breathe out in a controlled manner
- during exhalation, generate enough pressure from the lungs to make the VFs vibrate
- maintain even pressure to avoid any “bursts” in loudness
- take a new breath before air runs out and continue with this same pattern
What are breath groups?
the number of syllables produced during one breath
What are three things breathing can be in those with respiratory impairment?
- weak: results in not enough pressure for speech production
- unpredictable: results in inconsistent bursts of loudness
- uncoordinated: results in air wastage
What is hypophonia?
reduced loudness of speech
Explain the difference between compensatory respiratory changes and maladaptive respiratory changes.
Compensatory: issue with the VFs and you compensate by breathing differently
Maladaptive: learned to use the respiratory system as a compensatory method and continue to use it that way after the problem is fixed
What is the general rule for treatment?
to have an impact on speech, you need to work on speech
What might happen to someone who runs out of air?
- reduce d number of syllables
- pausing when not syntactically correct
- sounds unnatural and interrupts rate and flow of speech
When would working on non speech tasks be useful?
- system is too impaired to create speech
- when building general awareness about breathing
What does treatment look like when the goal is to improve breath support by maintaining adequate alveolar pressure?
- use biofeedback
- blowing to measure pressure (manometer)
What is the point of blowing to measure pressure?
- can increase the amount of pressure during exhalation
- can decrease the amount of pressure for those who have excess pressure variations
What does treatment look like when the goal is to use inspiratory checking to improve breath support?
- make use of inspiratory muscles to counteract recoil forces during expiration (results in more controlled rate of expiration)
- work on overall awareness first
What does treatment look like when the goal is helping the patient to speak at a functional lung volume level range?
- explicitly teach the patient to phonate at a better lung volume level (usually around 60%)
- use biofeedback, or ask client to feel the inspiration with hand on stomach
- practice MPT exercises
What does treatment look like when the goal is to improve phrase length per breath group by teaching linguistic rules?
- educate the patient on syntax and what is a syntactically correct moment to pause to breathe (only if they can’t ever reach a ‘normal’ breath group)
- can involve audio/video recordings (evaluate it together)
What are the difference abnormal voice qualities?
- breathy
- hoarse
- strained
- harsh
What is the treatment for laryngeal impairment?
- treat VF hypoadduction
- treat VF hyperadduction
