Dynamics and Space

Question 1

Define speed

Answer 1

The amount of distance covered per unit of time

Question 2

What is the equation for speed?

Answer 2

V=d/t

Question 3

Name the two different types of speed

Answer 3

Average and instantaneous

Question 4

What is average speed?

Answer 4

Speed over a long distance

Question 5

What is instantaneous speed?

Answer 5

Speed over a short distance

Question 6

What is a scalar quantity?

Answer 6

One which has magnitude

Question 7

Give an example of a scalar quantity

Answer 7

Speed
Mass
Distance
Time

Question 8

What is a vector quantity?

Answer 8

One which has magnitude and direction

Question 9

Give an example of a vector quantity

Answer 9

Velocity
Force
Displacement

Question 10

Define distance

Answer 10

How far an object travels

Question 11

Define displacement

Answer 11

How far an object is from it’s starting point

Question 12

Name the two ways to calculate displacement

Answer 12

Scale diagram and trigonometry

Question 13

How do you work out displacement?

Answer 13

Find how far the object has moved from the starting and in what direction

Question 14

Define velocity

Answer 14

Speed of an object in a particular direction

Question 15

What is the equation for velocity?

Answer 15

Velocity=displacement/time

Question 16

What is acceleration?

Answer 16

The rate of change of velocity per unit of time

Question 17

What is the equation for acceleration?

Answer 17

a= v - u / t

Question 18

What is Newton’s first law?

Answer 18

An object will remain at rest or move at constant speed in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force

Question 19

What is a balanced force??

Answer 19

Forces that balance each other out in both directions

Question 20

What is friction?

Answer 20

A force that tries to oppose the motion of an object - stop it from moving

Question 21

What is Newton’s second law?

Answer 21

When an unbalanced force acts on an object the object will move with a constant acceleration in the direction of the unbalanced force

Question 22

What is Newton’s equation for the second law?

Answer 22

F=ma

Question 23

Define mass

Answer 23

The quantity of matter forming an object (kg)

Question 24

Define weight

Answer 24

A force that depends on mass and location (N)

Question 25

What is the equation for weight?

Answer 25

W=mg

Question 26

Name some ways to reduce friction

Answer 26

Lubrication Smoother surfaces Stream lining

Question 27

What is the equation for work done?

Answer 27

Ew=Fd

Question 28

What is Newton’s third law?

Answer 28

Every action has an equal but opposite reaction

Question 29

Define terminal velocity

Answer 29

When air resistance and weight balance out

Question 30

Why do projectiles follow a curved path?

Answer 30

Gravity pulls them down and they have initial horizontal motion

Question 31

What is the equation for horizontal motion?

Answer 31

d=vt

Question 32

What is the equation for vertical motion?

Answer 32

v=u+at

Question 33

How do you put an object into orbit?

Answer 33

Provide a high enough initial velocity to overcome gravity and the curvature of the earth

Question 34

What is a geostationary satellite?

Answer 34

An earth orbiting satellite that revolves in the same direction as the earth rotates

Question 35

What is a polar orbit satellite?

Answer 35

Satellite that passes above ore nearby both poles of the body being orbited, for example earth

Question 36

What does our solar system consist of?

Answer 36

Planets, satellites, comets, asteroids and meteoroids

Question 37

Name the two types of optical telescopes

Answer 37

Refracting and reflecting

Question 38

What is the difference between the two telescopes?

Answer 38

Reflector telescopes use two mirrors instead of two lenses which refractor telescopes use

Question 39

What are the advantages of earth based telescopes?

Answer 39

Easier to maintain | Lower cost

Question 40

What are the advantages of space based telescopes?

Answer 40

Clearer shot of everything | Can observe near-infrared and ultraviolet light

Question 41

Name some ways telescopes have changed our understanding of the universe

Answer 41

Shown us earth is not the centre of the universe Allowed us to see mountains and craters on the moon Reveals geography and weather on planets in this solar system Revealed new planets and asteroids Helped make first valid measurement of speed of light

Question 42

How did scientists believe the universe began?

Answer 42

The shifting of the light to the red end of the spectrum implies the universe is expanding which means it must have started as a singularity

Question 43

What is one light year?

Answer 43

The distance light travels in a year

Question 44

What happens when light passes through a prism?

Answer 44

It splits into different colours of the spectrum

Question 45

What is an absorption spectrum?

Answer 45

A spectrum of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through a substance showing dark lines due to absorption of specific wavelengths

Question 46

What is the formula to calculate vertical velocity?

Answer 46

V = u + at

Question 47

What is the formula to calculate horizontal velocity?

Answer 47

Vh = s/t