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N5 Physics > Dynamics and Space > Flashcards

Dynamics and Space Flashcards

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1
Q

Define speed

A

The amount of distance covered per unit of time

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2
Q

What is the equation for speed?

A

V=d/t

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3
Q

Name the two different types of speed

A

Average and instantaneous

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4
Q

What is average speed?

A

Speed over a long distance

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5
Q

What is instantaneous speed?

A

Speed over a short distance

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6
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

One which has magnitude

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7
Q

Give an example of a scalar quantity

A

Speed
Mass
Distance
Time

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8
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

One which has magnitude and direction

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9
Q

Give an example of a vector quantity

A

Velocity
Force
Displacement

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10
Q

Define distance

A

How far an object travels

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11
Q

Define displacement

A

How far an object is from it’s starting point

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12
Q

Name the two ways to calculate displacement

A

Scale diagram and trigonometry

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13
Q

How do you work out displacement?

A

Find how far the object has moved from the starting and in what direction

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14
Q

Define velocity

A

Speed of an object in a particular direction

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15
Q

What is the equation for velocity?

A

Velocity=displacement/time

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16
Q

What is acceleration?

A

The rate of change of velocity per unit of time

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17
Q

What is the equation for acceleration?

A

a= v - u / t

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18
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

An object will remain at rest or move at constant speed in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force

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19
Q

What is a balanced force??

A

Forces that balance each other out in both directions

20
Q

What is friction?

A

A force that tries to oppose the motion of an object - stop it from moving

21
Q

What is Newton’s second law?

A

When an unbalanced force acts on an object the object will move with a constant acceleration in the direction of the unbalanced force

22
Q

What is Newton’s equation for the second law?

A

F=ma

23
Q

Define mass

A

The quantity of matter forming an object (kg)

24
Q

Define weight

A

A force that depends on mass and location (N)

25
Q

What is the equation for weight?

A

W=mg

26
Q

Name some ways to reduce friction

A

Lubrication
Smoother surfaces
Stream lining

27
Q

What is the equation for work done?

A

Ew=Fd

28
Q

What is Newton’s third law?

A

Every action has an equal but opposite reaction

29
Q

Define terminal velocity

A

When air resistance and weight balance out

30
Q

Why do projectiles follow a curved path?

A

Gravity pulls them down and they have initial horizontal motion

31
Q

What is the equation for horizontal motion?

A

d=vt

32
Q

What is the equation for vertical motion?

A

v=u+at

33
Q

How do you put an object into orbit?

A

Provide a high enough initial velocity to overcome gravity and the curvature of the earth

34
Q

What is a geostationary satellite?

A

An earth orbiting satellite that revolves in the same direction as the earth rotates

35
Q

What is a polar orbit satellite?

A

Satellite that passes above ore nearby both poles of the body being orbited, for example earth

36
Q

What does our solar system consist of?

A

Planets, satellites, comets, asteroids and meteoroids

37
Q

Name the two types of optical telescopes

A

Refracting and reflecting

38
Q

What is the difference between the two telescopes?

A

Reflector telescopes use two mirrors instead of two lenses which refractor telescopes use

39
Q

What are the advantages of earth based telescopes?

A

Easier to maintain

Lower cost

40
Q

What are the advantages of space based telescopes?

A

Clearer shot of everything

Can observe near-infrared and ultraviolet light

41
Q

Name some ways telescopes have changed our understanding of the universe

A

Shown us earth is not the centre of the universe
Allowed us to see mountains and craters on the moon
Reveals geography and weather on planets in this solar system
Revealed new planets and asteroids
Helped make first valid measurement of speed of light

42
Q

How did scientists believe the universe began?

A

The shifting of the light to the red end of the spectrum implies the universe is expanding which means it must have started as a singularity

43
Q

What is one light year?

A

The distance light travels in a year

44
Q

What happens when light passes through a prism?

A

It splits into different colours of the spectrum

45
Q

What is an absorption spectrum?

A

A spectrum of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through a substance showing dark lines due to absorption of specific wavelengths

46
Q

What is the formula to calculate vertical velocity?

A

V = u + at

47
Q

What is the formula to calculate horizontal velocity?

A

Vh = s/t

N5 Physics (3 decks)

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