dynamics Flashcards
Newton’s First Law
dynamics
a body stays at rest / continues moving at constant velocity unless a resultant force acts on it
Newton’s Second Law
dynamics
the rate of change of momentum of a body is proportional to the resultant force acting on it & acts in the same direction of the resultant force
Newton’s Third Law
dynamics
when body A exerts a force on body B, body B will exert an equal but oppositely directed force of the same type on body A
Momentum definition
dynamics
the product of the body’s mass & velocity
Impulse definition
dynamics
- product of the force and the duration for which the force acts
- change in momentum
Principle of Conservation of Momentum
dynamics
unless there is an external resultant force acting on a system of interacting bodies, the total momentum of the system remains constant
Characteristics of a Head-on collision
dynamics
the velocity vectors of the 2 bodies are always parallel to the straight line connecting the centre of mass of each body
Types of collision
dynamics
- elastic
- inelastic
- perfectly elastic
- perfectly inelastic
Inertia definition
dynamics
- the property/tendency of a body to stay in a state of rest or uniform velocity
- mass is a measure of the inertia of a body to change in velocity
Characteristics of Principle of Conservation
dynamics
- initial momentum = final momentum
- initial momentum = sum of m x u
- final momentum = sum of m x v
[this is the case for all types of collisions]
Characteristics of Elastic Collision
dynamics
- POC
- initial KE = final KE
Characteristics of Perfectly Elastic Collision
dynamics
- POC
- relative speed is equal before & after collision
- initial KE = final KE
Characteristics of Inelastic Collision
dynamics
- POC
- loss in kinetic energy
Characteristics of Perfectly Inelastic Collision
dynamics
- POC
- kinetic energy changes
- body moves at same velocity & direction
