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Physics NAT5 > Dynamics > Flashcards

Dynamics Flashcards

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1
Q

WHAT IS AVERAGE SPEED

A

The speed throughout a journey. The total distance travelled divided by the time taken

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2
Q

EXPERIMENT TO MEASURE AVERAGE SPEED

A
  1. Measure the distance between light gates.
  2. Let trolley role down the slope.
  3. QED timer records time to travel between light gates.
  4. Calculate average speed with distance between the timers.
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3
Q

WHAT IS INSTANEOUS SPEED

A

The speed at a particular point. Length of card on trolley divided by the time the card took to pass the light gate

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4
Q

EXPERIMENT TO MEASURE INSTANTANEOUS SPEED

A
  1. Place light gate in the middle of the ramp.
  2. Measure the length of the card in metres.
  3. Roll trolley down the ramp so it cuts light beam.
  4. Record interval for mask to cut the light beam.
  5. Calculate instantaneous speed.
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5
Q

WHAT IS A SCALAR

A

a Scalar quantity is defined by magnitude (something with a size)

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6
Q

WHAT IS A VECTOR

A

Has a size and direction

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7
Q

SCALAR EXAMPLES

A

Speed, time, energy, mass, distance, temperature

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8
Q

EXAMPLES OF VECTORS

A

Force, Acceleration, Velocity, Weight, displacement

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9
Q

WHAT IS DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT

A

Distance (scalar) - how far something has travelled.
Displacement (vector) - how far something is from its starting point.

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10
Q

WHAT IS SPEED AND VELOCITY

A

Speed (scalar) - How much distance am object has travelled in a certain time. v=d/t

Velocity (vector) - Displacement of an object in a certain time. (needs a direction). v=s/t

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11
Q

WHAT DOES A VELOCITY TIME GRAPH SHOW

A

Size, direction

positive and negative show a change in in direction.

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12
Q

HOW DO YOU FIND THE DISPLACEMENT OF AN OBJECT ON A VELOCITY TIME GRAPH

A

D = AreaUnderGraph

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13
Q

HOW DO YOU FIND THE DISTANCE TRAVELLED ON A SPEED TIME GRAPH

A

D = AreaUnderGraph

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14
Q

WHAT IS ACCELERATION

A

The change in velocity (ms^-2)

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15
Q

HOW DO YOU FIND ACCELERATION FROM A VELOCITY TIME GRAPH

A

The gradient

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16
Q

EXPERIMENT TO CALCULATE ACCELERATION

A
  1. When trolley passes light gate A, use width of mask and time to pass to calculate initial velocity.
  2. Do the same at light gate B
  3. Measure the time to travel between both light gates
17
Q

WHAT IS NEWTON’S FIRST LAW

A

“An object will remain at rest or move at constant speed in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force”.

18
Q

WHAT CAN FRICTION DO

A

Oppose the motion of an object

19
Q

WHAT IS NEWTON’S SECOND LAW

A

“If you keep the unbalanced force constant and double the mass, you have the acceleration”. Balanced forces means constant velocity. If unbalanced forces act on an object, the object accelerates.

20
Q

WHAT IS MASS AND WEIGHT

A

Mass (scalar) - the quantity of matter forming an object and remains constant anywhere.

Weight (vector) - It is a force and is the earths pull on an objects.

21
Q

WHAT IS GRAVITATIONAL FEILD STRENGTH

A

The weight per unit mass. The weight of an object is caused by the pull of gravity. Gravity pulls more or less in different places.

22
Q

WHAT IS NEWTONS 3d LAW

A

“If A exerts a force on B, B will exert an opposite but equal force on A”.

23
Q

HOW DOES A ROCKET FOLLOW NEWTON’s THIRd LAw

A

A rocket is pushed forwards because the propellant is pushed back, making the rocket accelerate

24
Q

WHAT IS TERMINAL VELOCITY

A

Terminal velocity is the maximum constant velocity that a falling object can reach

Downwards gravitational force = upwards friction

25
Q

WHAT IS FREEFALL

A

Fred all is if the only force acting on a fall object was weight and there is no air resistance. If there is an unbalanced force, the object will keep accelerating

26
Q

WHAT IS ENERGY

A

Energy allows objects to move and do things. It is called work. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one type to another.

27
Q

TYPES OF ENERGY

A

Heat
Electrical
Light
Kinetic
Chemical
Gravitational Potential
Sound
Nuclear

28
Q

WHAT IS THE GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL

A

The energy of an object due to its position above the earth.

29
Q

WHAT IS WORK DONE

A

when a force is applied to an object and causes displacement

Physics NAT5 (7 decks)

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