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Pharmacology- Katzung (Spring 2019) > Dylipidemia - Drug Thearpy > Flashcards

Dylipidemia - Drug Thearpy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major side effects of statins?

A
  • myopathy

- increased liver enzymes

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2
Q

what are contraindications with statins?

A
  • absolute: liver dz

- relative: use with certain drugs

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3
Q

What are demonstrated therapeutic benefits for statins?

A
  1. Reduce major coronary events
  2. reduce CHD mortality
  3. reduce coronary procedures (PTCA/CABG)
  4. reduce stroke
  5. reduce total mortality
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4
Q

What are the major actions against lipids of bile sequestrants?

A
  • reduce LDL-C 15-30%
  • raise HDL-C 3-5%
  • may increase TG
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5
Q

What are the side effects of bile acid sequestrants?

A
  • GI distress/constipation

- decreased absorption of other drugs

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6
Q

What are contraindications of bile acid sequestrants?

A
  • dysbetalipoproteinemia

- raised TG (especially >400 mg/dL)

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7
Q

Which drugs are bile acid sequestrants?

A
  1. cholestyramine
  2. colestipol
  3. colesevelam
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8
Q

What are the demonstrated therapeutic benefits of bile acid sequestrants?

A
  1. reduce major coronary events

2. reduce CHD mortality

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9
Q

What are the major actions on lipids for nicotinic acid?

A
  • lowers LDL-C 5-25%
  • lowers TG 20-50%
  • raises HDL-C 15-35%
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10
Q

What are the side effects of nicotinic acid?

A
  • flushing
  • hyperglycemia
  • hyperuricemia
  • upper GI distress
  • hepatotoxicity
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11
Q

what are the contraindications of nicotinic acid?

A
  • liver dz
  • severe gout
  • peptic ulcer
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12
Q

What are the demonstrated therapeutic benefits of nicotinic acid?

A
  1. reduces major coronary events

2. possible reduction in total mortality

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13
Q

What are the major actions on lipids of fibric acids?

A
  • lower LDL-C 5-20% (with normal TG)
  • may raise LDL-C (with high TG)
  • lower TG 20-50%
  • raise HDL-C 10-20%
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14
Q

what are the side effects of fibric acids?

A
  1. dyspepsia
  2. gallstones
  3. myopathy
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15
Q

What are the contraindications of fibric acids?

A

severe renal or hepatic disease

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16
Q

What are the drugs in the fibric acids class?

A
  1. gemfibrozil (Lopid)
  2. fenofibrate (Tricor)
  3. Clofibrate
17
Q

What are the effects that statins have on lipid levels?

A
  1. reduces LDL-C 18-55%
  2. reduces TG 7-30%
  3. raise HDL-C 5-15%

Pharmacology- Katzung (Spring 2019) (52 decks)

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