DV - Dates Flashcards
Lydia Chapin Taft voted in Uxbridge, Massachusetts.
1756
James Otis, “The Rights of the British Colonies Asserted and Proved”.
1764
Phillis Wheatley, Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral.
1773
Thomas Paine, “An Occasional Letter on the Female Sex”.
1775
March-May: “Remember the Ladies Letters” letters between Abigail and John Adams.
May 26: John Adams’ letter to James Sullivan (defends women’s disenfranchisement).
July 4: Declaration of Independence.
Beginning of the writing of state constitutions (extension of the RTV or status quo in most
states).
New Jersey constitution.
1776
Adoption of the Articles of Confederation, ratified in 1781.
1777
Letter from Hannah Lee Corbin, from Virginia, to her brother Richard Henry Lee, asking why she cannot vote in her state despite meeting voting qualifications.
1778
Belinda Royall asks and obtains reparations for her work as an enslaved woman (first case of
reparations).
1783
Elizabeth “Mumbet” Freeman is emancipated after suing for her freedom (Massachusetts).
1781
Benjamin Rush, An inquiry into the effects of ardent spirits upon the human body and mind: with an account of the means of preventing, and of the remedies for curing them.
1784
Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. The U.S. Constitution is ratified in 1788 but fails to impose a “national conception of voting rights” [Keyssar, 2000].
1787
The Free African Society of Philadelphia decides to exclude members who drink alcohol.
1788
November:
Law for 7 New Jersey counties (voters defined as “he or she”).
Judith Sargent Murray, “On the Equality of the Sexes”.
Naturalization Act limiting the naturalization process to any “free white person.”
1790
Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.
1792
Susanna Rowson, Slaves in Algiers.
1794
November:
Letter of Abigail Adams to her sister saying she would use the RTV if she were to
be enfranchised.
Adoption of a law for all NJ counties (voters defined as “he or she”).
1797
Charles Brockden Down, “The Rights of Woman”.
1798
Mercy Otis Warren, History of the Rise, Progress and Termination of the American Revolution.
1805
Law in NJ limiting the RTV to “free, white, male citizens.”
1807
Second Great Awakening.
Widening of the franchise to white men. Black men’s disenfranchisement in some States.
1800s-1840s
Missouri Compromise.
1820
Creation of Troy Female Seminary by Emma Willard.
NY Constitutional Convention. James Kent argues against universal male suffrage.
The constitution enfranchises all white men but free Black men still face property qualifications.
1821
Creation of Hartford Female Seminary by Catharine E. Beecher.
1823
Elizabeth Heyrick, Immediate, not Gradual Abolition.
1824
Frances Wright, A Plan for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery in the United States Without Danger of Loss to the Citizens of the South.
1825
Creation of the American Temperance Society.
1826
Creation of the Democratic Party.
1828
September 20-24: First Colored Convention in Philadelphia
1830
First issues of The Liberator by William Lloyd Garrison. Creation of the “Ladies Department”
in 1832.
1831
September: Maria Stewart becomes the first black woman to address a mixed audience in
Boston. Creation of the Female Anti-Slavery Society by Black women in Salem, Massachusetts.
1832
December: Creation of the American Anti-Slavery Society and the Philadelphia Female AntiSlavery Society in Philadelphia.
1833
Female textile mill workers’ strike in Lowell, Massachusetts.
1834
Adoption by Arkansas (territory) of a married women’s property law.
1835
November: Angelina E. and Sarah M. Grimké take part in the agents’ convention of the American Anti-Slavery Society.
Angelina Emily Grimké, An Appeal to the Christian Women of The South.
Ernestine Louise Rose, who was born in Poland in 1810, moves to the US with her husband.
1836
May: Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women in New York. Two other conventions take place in 1838 and 1839 in Philadelphia. Violence against the participants.
Catharine E. Beecher, An Essay on Slavery and Abolitionism, With Reference to the Duty of
American Females.
Oberlin College becomes the first college to welcome women.
Beginning of the debate over the “woman question” in abolitionist societies.
1837
February: Angelina E. Grimké becomes the first woman to address a legislative assembly (Massachusetts).
September: Creation of the New England Non-Resistance Society. Debate over the “woman question.”
Angelina E. Grimké, Letters to Catherine E. Beecher, In Reply to An Essay on Slavery and Abolitionism.
Sarah M. Grimké, Letters on the Equality of the Sexes.
Pennsylvania disenfranchises free Black men. Robert Purvis, Appeal of Forty Thousand Citizens, Threatened with Disfranchisement, to the People of Philadelphia.
1838
Sarah Josepha Hale, The Lecturess.
1839
May: Annual convention of the American Anti-Slavery Society in New York. Abby Kelley Foster’s election to the executive committee. The association splits.
June 12-23: First World Anti-Slavery Convention in London. Female delegates are excluded from the proceedings. First meeting between Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
August 18-20: State Convention of Colored Citizens in Albany, New York. Adoption of a resolution linking manhood and citizenship.
1840
June 1: Isabella Van Wagenen becomes Sojourner Truth.
July: Margaret Fuller, “The Great Lawsuit. Man versus Men. Woman versus Women.”
1843
Samuel J. May’ sermon in Syracuse. Asks for woman suffrage.
1845
Petition on woman suffrage addressed to the constitutional convention of the State of NY.
1846
Creation of The North Star by Frederick Douglass. Motto: “Right is of no sex, truth is of no color, God is the Father of us all—and all we are brethren.”
1847
Revolutions in Europe.
April: Adoption of a married women’s property law in New York.
July 19-20: Women’s rights convention in Seneca Falls, New York. Publication of a Declaration des Sentiments. Resolution on women’s enfranchisement: “That it is the duty of the women of this country to secure to themselves their sacred right to the elective franchise.”
August 2: Women’s rights convention in Rochester, New York.
September: National Convention of Colored Freemen in Cleveland, Ohio. The “woman question” is discussed and women’s participation is accepted.
1848
Elizabeth Blackwell, first female physician in the US.
Creation of The Lily by Amelia Bloomer.
Mathilde Franziska Anneke, a German socialist and feminist activist, moves to Wisconsin. She starts publishing a feminist journal in German in March 1852.
1849
April 19-20: women’s rights convention in Salem, Ohio. Men are present but are not allowed
to speak.
October 23-24: First National Woman’s Rights Convention in Worcester, Massachusetts.
Organized and chaired by Paulina Wright Davis. Adoption of a resolution on enslaved women’s situation (criticized a few days later by white activist Jane Swisshelm).
1850
May 28-29: Women’s rights convention in Akron, Ohio. Sojourner Truth’s speech. A version is published 12 years later by white activist Frances Dana Gage.
October 14-15: Women’s rights convention in Indiana.
October 15-16: Second National Woman’s Rights Convention in Worcester, Massachusetts. A letter from 2 French socialist activists, Jeanne Deroin and Pauline Roland, who were then in prison in Paris, and Harriet Taylor Mill’s article on the 1850 national convention are read during the debates.
The first women start wearing the Bloomer costume. By the late 1850s, almost no one is wearing it.
1851
May 26: Women’s rights convention in Ohio.
June 2-3: Women’s rights convention in Pennsylvania.
September 8-10: Third National Woman’s Rights Convention in Syracuse, New York.
Indiana votes a liberal divorce law (the State becomes a “divorce mill”).
Failure of Clarina Howard Nichols’ campaign in favor of school suffrage in Vermont.
1852
September: World’s Temperance Convention, or “Mob Convention”, in New York. Women delegates cannot sit.
October 6-8: Fourth National Woman’s Rights Convention in Cleveland, Ohio.
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Woman and Her Wishes.
Creation of The Una by Paulina Wright Davis.
1853
October 18-20: Fifth National Woman’s Rights Convention in Philadelphia. Many Black women participate.
1854
May 1: Lucy Stone and Henry B. Blackwell’s wedding. Marriage protest. Lucy Stone becomes the first American woman to keep her name without adding her husband’s. Both spouses became staunch opponents of the Free Love movement in the 1850s.
October 17-18: Sixth National Woman’s Rights Convention in Cincinnati, Ohio.
1855
November 25-26: Seventh National Woman’s Rights Convention in New York.
1856
Supreme Court decision Dred Scott v. Sandford, denying Blacks their citizenship. No national convention organized during that year.
1857
May 13-14: Eighth National Woman’s Rights Convention in New York.
1858
May 12: Ninth National Woman’s Rights Convention in New York.
1859
May 10-11: Tenth National Woman’s Rights Convention in New York.
1860
Civil War. Women’s rights activities put on hold.
January 1, 1863: Emancipation Proclamation.
May 14, 1863: Creation of the Woman’s National Loyal League.
1864: Anna Dickinson becomes the first woman to address the House of Representatives.
Abolitionists split over Lincoln’s candidacy.
April 14, 1865: President Lincoln’s assassination. Andrew Johnson becomes president.
May 1865: Debates within the American Anti-Slavery Society on its dissolution. Frances Ellen Watkins Harper asks for the fight to continue. William Lloyd Garrison leaves the organization.
Wendell Phillips becomes president and starts withholding funds from woman suffrage campaigns.
December 6, 1865: Ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment (abolition of slavery).
1861-1865
May: Eleventh National Woman’s Rights Convention. Creation of the American Equal Rights Association. Debates over the 14th and 15th amendments and on universal suffrage. Frances Ellen Watkins Harper: “we are all bound up together in one great bundle of humanity […] You white women speak of rights. I speak of wrongs.”
June 13: Adoption of the 14th amendment in Congress.
October: Elizabeth Cady Stanton announces her candidacy for the House of Representatives.
December: 26th annual convention of the Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society. Robert Purvis pleads for “the oneness and indivisibility of the human family.”
Creation of the National Labor Union.
1866