DUMS ENT Flashcards
What is the thinnest part of the skull and what bones are here?
Pterion
Join between temporal, parietal, sphenoid, frontal
What bones make up the anterior, middle and posterior cranial fossae?
Anterior: frontal and sphenoid
Middle: sphenoid and temporal
Posterior: temporal and occipital
What is the blood supply to the external ear?
Avascular
What is contained within the middle ear?
Tympanic membrane to oval window + eustachian tube
What is contained within inner ear?
Oval window to internal acoustic meatus
Where is pain referred from via the eustachian tube (presents as earache)?
Pharynx/tonsils (tonsilitis/pharyngitis)
What are the ossicles from first to last and what does the last one connect to?
Malleus, Incus, Stapes Oval window (in inner ear)
How is otitis externa treated?
Aural toilet (clean the ear out)
How is otitis media managed first line?
Supportive
How is glue ear managed?
Grommet insertion
How is a cholesteatoma managed?
Surgically
What presets with ear symptoms including dizziness, vertigo, ear pain etc following a URTI?
Labyrinthitis
How is labyrinthitis managed?
Supportively
What is the difference between labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis presentation?
Vestibular neuritis also presents with hearing symptoms
How is vestibular neuritis managed?
Supportively
Where is the hearing loss at in presbyacusis?
Higher frequencies
What is the only part of the nervous system that can regenerate?
Olfactory bulbs (within cribriform plate of ethmoid bone)
What does increased pain in forehead when bending over indicate?
Sinusitis
How is a broken nose diagnosed?
Clinically (no X-ray)
What criteria is used to decide to give antibiotics for tonsillitis?
CENTOR
Temp >38 Absence of cough Swollen lymph nodes Tonsillar swelling <15
4/5 = antibiotics
What does a cough indicate with swollen tonsils?
Viral cause of tonsillitis
What drug is given for bacterial tonsillitis?
Penicillin
What antibiotic is given for persistent otitis media?
Amoxicillin (think Eilidh)
