Anatomy of the palate + larynx Flashcards
What vertebral level is the hyoid bone at?
C3
What muscles are on the floor of the mouth and what nerve supplies them?
Geniohyoid (C1)
Mylohyoid (CNV3)
What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue and what supplies them?
Hypoglossal (CNXII):
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
Vagus - CNX (as is a soft palate muscle):
Palatoglossus
What bones make up the hard palate?
L/R palatine process of maxilla
L/R palatine bones
What muscles control the soft palate and what nerve supplies them?
Vagus (CNX): Palatopharyngeus Palatoglossus Levator veli palatini Musculus uvulae
Mandibular (CNV3):
Tensor veli palatini
What are the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx and what supplies them?
Vagus (CNX):
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Glossopharyngeal (CNIX):
Stylopharyngeus
What are the circular muscles of the pharynx and what supplies them?
Vagus (CNX):
Superior constrictor
Middle constrictor
Inferior constrictor
What nerves supply sensation to the tongue?
Posterior 1/3rd:
Glossopharyngeal (CNX)
Anterior 2/3rds:
Facial = special sensory (taste)
Mandibular = general sensory (touch etc)
How are the hypoglossal and vagus nerves tested?
Hypoglossal:
Stick tongue out - deviated towards side of injured nerve
Vagus:
Open mouth and say ‘ahhh’ - uvula deviates away from injured nerve
What is the frenulum?
Cord connecting tongue to floor of mouth
What nerves supply the salivary glands?
Parotid = glossopharyngeal (CNIX)
Sublingual + submandibular = facial (CNVII)
What are the strap muscles and what is their innervation?
Thyrohyoid, omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid
C1-3 spinal nerves
Where are he arytenoid cartilages found?
Attached to the cricoid cartilage under the thyroid cartilage (triangular)
What forms the true and false vocal cords?
True: ligament from arytenoid to thyroid cartilage
False: ligament from arytenoid to epiglottis
What are the tensor muscles of the vocal cords and what is their function?
Cricothyroid muscles (increase pitch)
