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QAS DTPS > DTPS > Flashcards

DTPS Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenaline Indications

A
  • Anaphylaxis OR severe allergic reaction
  • Severe life-t)hreatening bronchospasm OR silent chest (patient must be only able to speak in single words AND/OR have haemodynamic compromise AND/OR an ALOC
  • Bradycardia with poor perfusion (unresponsive to atropine AND/OR TCP
  • Cardiac arrest - Croup (with stridor at rest)
  • Shock unresponsive to adequate fluid resuscitation (excluding haemorrhagic cause)
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2
Q

Adrenaline Contraindications

A

Nil

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3
Q

Adrenaline Precautions

A
  • Hypertension
  • Hypovolaemic shock
  • Concurrent MAOI therapy
  • Multiple sclerosis
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4
Q

Adrenaline Side effects

A
  • Anxiety
  • Hypertension
  • Palpitations/tachyarrhythmias
  • Pupil Dilation
  • Tremor
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5
Q

Adrenaline Onset

A

IV - 30 seconds

IM - 60 seconds

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6
Q

Adrenaline Duration

A

5-10 minutes

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7
Q

Adrenaline Half-life

A

2 minutes

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8
Q

Adrenaline Adult Dosage

Anaphylaxis OR severe allergic reaction

A
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9
Q

Adrenaline

Adult Dosage

Severe Life Threatening Bronchospasm OR Silent Chest

A
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10
Q

Adrenaline

Adult Dosage

Bradycardia with poor perfusion (Unresponsive to Atropine AND/OT TCP)

A
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11
Q

Adrenaline

Adult Dosage

Cardiac Arrest

A
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12
Q

Adrenaline

Adult Dosage

Shock unresponsive to adequate fluid resuscitation (excluding haemorrhagic cause)

A
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13
Q

Amiodarone Indications

A

Cardiac Arrest (Refractory VF or pulseless VT)

Sustained conscious VT (haemodynamically stable)

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14
Q

Amiodarone Contraindications

A
  • Cardiac Arrest (Refractory VF or pulseless VT)
  • Nil
  • Sustained Conscious VT (haemodynamically stable)
  • KSAR or hypersensitivity
  • severe conduction disorders (unless pacemaker or AICD in situ)
  • Current amiodarone therapy
  • Current anti-arrhythmic therapy that prolonges QT interval
  • Pregnancy and/or lactation
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15
Q

Amiodarone Precautions

A

Cardiac arrest

  • concurrent anti-arrhythmic therapy that prolongs QT interval
  • thyroid disease

Sustained conscious VT

  • hypotension
  • thyroid disease
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16
Q

Amiodarone Side Effects

A

Hypotension

Bradycardia

Nausea and/or vomitting

Peripheral paresthesia

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17
Q

Amiodarone Onset

A

5 minutes

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18
Q

Amiodarone Duration

A

30 minutes

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19
Q

Amiodarone Half-Life

A

14-110 days (with chronic dosing)

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20
Q

Amiodarone Schedule

A

S4 (Restricted drugs)

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21
Q

Amiodarone Adult Dosages

Cardiac Arrest

A
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22
Q

Amiodarone Adult Dosages

Sustainded conscious VT

A
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23
Q

Aspirin Indications

A

Suspected ACS

Acute cardiogenic Pulmonary Oedema

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24
Q

Aspiring Contraindications

A

KSAR or hypersensitivity to aspirin or other NSAIDs

Chest pain associated with psychostimulant overdose

Bleeding OR clotting disorder

Current GI bleed or peptic ulcers

Patients <18 years

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25
Q

Aspirin Precautions

A

Possible aortic aneurysm, or other condition that may require surgery

Pregnancy

History of GI bleeds or peptic ulcers

Current anticoagulant therapy (e.g. warfarin)

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26
Q

Aspirin Side Effects

A

Epigastric pain / discomfort

Nausea and/or vomiting

Gastritis

GI bleed

NSAID induced bronchospasm

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27
Q

Aspirin Onset

A

approx. 10 minutes

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28
Q

Aspirin Duration

A

approx. 1 week

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29
Q

Aspirin Schedule

A

S2 (therapeutic poisons)

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30
Q

Aspirin Adult Dosage

A
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31
Q

Atropine Indications

A

Bradycarda (with poor perfusion)

Envenomation (with increased parasympathetic activity)

Hypersalivation (secondary to ketamine administration)

Organophosphate toxicity (with cardiac AND/OR respiratory compromise

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32
Q

Atropine Contraindications

A

KSAR or hypersensitivity to atropine

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33
Q

Atropine precautions

A

Atrial flutter

Atrial fibrillation

AMI

Glaucoma

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34
Q

Atropine Side Effects

A

Agitation

Hallucinations

Dilated Pupils

Dry mouth/ dry skin/ reduced bronchial and gastric secretion

Tachycardia

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35
Q

Atropine Onset

A

1-2 minutes

(peak 15-50 minutes)

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36
Q

Atropine Duration

A

Up to 5 hours

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37
Q

Atropine Schedule

A

S4 (restricted drugs)

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38
Q

Atropine Adult Dosages

Bradycardia

A
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39
Q

Atropine Adult Dosages

Envenomation

A
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40
Q

Atropine Adult Dosages

Hypersalivation

A
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41
Q

Atropine Adult Dosages

Organophosphate toxicity

A
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42
Q

Ceftriaxone Indications

A

Suspected meningococcal septicaemia (with a non-blanching petchial AND/OR purpuric rash)

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43
Q

Ceftriaxone Contraindication

A

KSAR or Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin drugs

Known anaphylaxis or severe allergice reaction fo penicillin based drugs - (isolated minor drug rash attributed to penicillin does not contraindicate the use of ceftriaxone)

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44
Q

Ceftriaxone Precuation

A

Nil

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45
Q

Ceftriaxone Side effects

A

Nausea AND/OR vomiting

Pain at the IM administration site

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46
Q

Ceftriaxone Presentation

A

Vial (powder), 1g ceftriaxone

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47
Q

Ceftriaxone Onset

Duration

Half Life

A

Dose/route variable

Duration: approx. 1 day

Half Life: 5.8-8.7 hours

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48
Q

Ceftriaxone Schedule

A

S4 (restricted drugs)

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49
Q

Ceftriaxone Adult Dose

A
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50
Q

Fentalyn Indications

A
  • Severe Pain
  • Sedation (for maintenance of an established ETT)
  • Autonomic dysreflexia (with significant BP 160 mmHg)
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51
Q

Fentanyl Contraindications

A

KSAR or hypersensitivity to fentanyl

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52
Q

Fentanyl Precautions

A
  • Respiratory Tract burns
  • Respiratory depression and/or failure
  • Known addiction to narcotics
  • Current MAOI therapy
  • Elderly patients
  • Hypotension
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53
Q

Fentanyl Side Effects

A
  • Bradycardia
  • Hypotension
  • Drowsiness
  • Nausea and/or vomiting
  • pin point pupils
  • Respiratory depression
  • Muscular rigidity (particularly muscles of respiration.
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54
Q

Fentanyl Onset/Duration/Half Life

A

Onset: <3 minutes

Duration: 30-60 minutes

Half Life: 2-3 hours

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55
Q

Fentanyl Schedule

A

S8 (controlled drug)

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56
Q

Fentanyl Adult Dosage

Severe Pain

A
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57
Q

Fentanyl Adult Dosage

Severe Pain

Autonomic dysreflexia (Severe Hypertension BP 160 Hgmm)

A
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58
Q

Fentanyl Adult Dosage

Sedation (for maintenance of existing ETT)

A
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59
Q

Glucagon Indications

A

Symptomatic hypoglycaemia (with inability to self administer oral glucose)

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60
Q

Glucagon Contraindications

A

KSAR of hypersensitivity to glucagon

61
Q

Glucagon Precautions

A

Nil

62
Q

Glucagon side effects

A

Nil

63
Q

Glucagon Onset/Duration/Half Life

A

Onset: 4-7 minutes

Duration: Variable

Half-Life: 3-6 minutes

64
Q

Glucagon Schedule

A

S3 (therapeutic poison)

65
Q

Glucagon Adult Dosage

A
66
Q

Glyceryl trinitrate Indications

A

Suspected ACS with Pain

Acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema

Irukandji syndrome (with systolic BP greater than or equal to 160 mmHg)

Autonomic dysreflexia (with systolic BP greater than or equal to 160 mmHg)

67
Q

GTN contraindications

A

KSAR or hypersensitivity to GTB

HR < 50 or >150

SBP <100

Acute CVA

Head trauma

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor medication administration in previous 24 hours

68
Q

GTN Precautions

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor medication administration in previous 48 hours

Suspected inferior AMI

Cerebral vascular disease

Risk of hypotension or syncope

Intoxication (GTN effects enhances)

69
Q

GTN side effects

A

Dizziness

Syncope

Hypotension

Reflex tachycardia

Vascular headaches

70
Q

GTN Onset/Duration/Half-Life

A

Onset: <2 minutes

Duration: 20-30 minutes

Half-Life: 5.5 minutes

71
Q

GTN Schedule

A

Sublingual: S3 (therapeutic poisons)

Ampoule: S4 (restricted drugs)

72
Q

GTN Dosages

A
73
Q

Hydrocortisone Indications

A
  • Moderate or Severe Asthma
  • Acute exacerbation of COPD (with evidence of respiratory distress)
  • Severe allergic reaction OR anaphylaxis (requiring adrenaline administration)
  • Symptomatic adrenal insuficiency (with a known history of Adison’s disease, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, pan-hypopertuitarism or long-term steroid administration)
74
Q

Hydrocortisone Contraindications

A

KSAR or hypersensitivity to hydrocortisone

75
Q

Hydrocortisone Precautions

A

Hypertesion

76
Q

Hydrocortisone Side effects

A

Nil

77
Q

Hydrocortisone Onset/Duration/Side Effects

A

Onset: 1-2 hours

Duration: 6-12 hours

Half life: 6-8 hours

78
Q

Hydrocortisone Schedule

A

S4 (restricted drugs)

79
Q

Hydrocortisone Dosages

A
80
Q

Ipratropium Bromide Indications

A

Moderate or Severe Bronchospasm

81
Q

Ipratropium Bromide Contraindications

A

KSAR or hypersensitivity

Patient <2 yrs

82
Q

Ipratropium bromide Precautions

A

Glaucoma

83
Q

Ipratropium Bromide Side Effects

A

Dilated pupils

Dry mouth

Plpitations

84
Q

Ipratropium Bromide Onset/Duration/Half-life

A

Onset: 1.5-3 minutes

Duration: 4-6 hours

Half-Life: 3 hours

85
Q

Ipratropium bromide Schedule

A

S4

86
Q

Ipratropium Bromide Adult Dosages

A
87
Q

Ketamine Indications

A
  • Severe traumatic Pain (following 0.1-0.2 mg/kg of morphine OR 1-2 mcg/kg fentanyl) associated iwth:
    • Fracture reduction and splinting
    • Multiple significant fractures requiring facilitated extrication
    • patients with splinted fractures requiring ongoing narcotic analgesia for transport requirements
  • Severe traumatic pain associated with burns (following 0.2-0.3 mg/kg morphine OR 2-3 mcg/kg fentanyl AND 1-2 mg (adult or 0.05mcg/kg (paediatric) midazolam)
  • Induction of anaeshtesia
  • Ongoing traumatic pain unresponsiv eto narcotics (following 0.2-0.3 mg/kg morphine OR 2-3 mcg/kg Fentanyl)
88
Q

Ketamine Contraindications

Analgesia

A
  • KSAR or hypersensitivity
  • Age <1 yr
  • GCS 12 or less
  • Uncontrolled hypertension (SBP 180mmHg or less AND/OR DBP 110 mmHg or less)
  • Suspected acute ACS or acute heart failure
  • Known Hydrocephalus or raised intraocular pressure
89
Q

Ketamine Contraindications

Induction of anaethsesia

A

KSAR or Hypersensitivity

90
Q

Ketamine Precautions

A
  • Age >65
  • Patients hwo have been administered midaolam or other CNS depressant medications
  • Patients with significant hypovolaemia (exaggerated effects and a delayed onset of action)
  • Globe injuries
  • Complex facial injuries and fractures
  • Patients who have imparied respiratory function
  • Patients exhibiting psychotic symptoms
91
Q

Ketamine Side Effects

A
  • Dissociation and trance-like state
  • transient hypertonicity and nystagmus
  • disinhibition
  • emergence
  • hypertension
  • tachycardia
  • depression of consciousness
  • hypersalivation
  • nausea and/or vomiting
  • laryngospam
  • respiratory depression (rare)
92
Q

Ketamine Onset/Duration/Half Life

Schedule

A

Onset: 30 seconds

Duration 5-20 minutes

Half Life: 10-15 minutes

Schedule: S8 (controleld drugs)

93
Q

Ketamine Adult Dosages

Severe Traumatic Pain

A
94
Q

Ketamine Adult Dosage

Severe traumatic pain associated with burns

A
95
Q

Ketamine Adult Dosages

Induction for Anaesthesia

A
96
Q

Lignocaine Indications

A
  • Pain associated with IO drug and fluid administration following EZ-IO needle insertion
  • Local anaesthesia
    • radial artery line placeent
    • fish hook removal
97
Q

Lignocaine Contraindications

A

KSAR or hypersensitivity to Lignocaine

98
Q

Lignocaine Precautions

A

Inadvertent intravascular injection

99
Q

Lignocaine Side effects

A

Convulsions

Hypotension

Nausea

Tinnitus

100
Q

Lignocaine Onset/Duration/Half Life

Schedule

A

Onset: 1-3 minutes

Duration: 20-30 minutes

Half life: 1-2 hours

Schedule: S4 (Restricted drugs)

101
Q

Lignocaine Dosages

A
102
Q

Magnesium Sulphate Indications

A
  • Box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri) evenomation (unresponsive to antivenom threapy)
  • Eclampsia
  • Irukandji sydrome (with intractable pain unreleived by narcotic analgesia AND/OR systolic BP > 160 mmHg)
  • Torsades de Pointes
  • Severe life-threatening asthma (only in patients who have required IV salbutamol AND/OR IM/IV adrenaline)
103
Q

Magnesium Sulphate conraindications

A
  • KSAR or hypersensitivity to magnesium sulphate
  • AV block
  • Renal failure
104
Q

Magnesium Sulphate Precautions

A

Renal impairment

105
Q

Magnesium Sulphate Side Effects

A
  • Pain at cannulation site
  • Magnesium toxicity
    • hypotension/respiratory depression
    • loss of deep tendon reflexes
106
Q

Magnesium Sulphate Onset/Duration/Half Life

Schedule

A

Onset: immediate

Duration: 30 minutes

Half-life: variable

Schedule: unscheduled

107
Q

Magnesium Sulphate Adult Dosages

Torsades do pointes

A
108
Q

Magnesium Sulphate Adult Dosage

Box Jellyfish

A
109
Q

Magnesium Sulphate Adult Dosage

Irukandji Syndrome

A
110
Q

Magnesium Sulphate Adult Dosage

Eclampsia

A
111
Q

Methoxyfleurane Indications

A

Pain

112
Q

Methoxyfleurane Contraindications

A
  • KSAR or hypersensitivity
  • Patient <1 yr
  • History of significat liver or renal disease
  • History of malignant hyperthermia
113
Q

Methoxyfleurane Precautions

A

ALOC

Intoxicated or drug affected patients

114
Q

Methoxyfleurane side effects

A

ALOC

Cough

Renal/hepatic failure (following repeated high dose exposure)

115
Q

Methoxyfleurane Onset/Duration/Half-Lfe

Schedule

A

Onset: 1-3 minutes

Duration: 5-10 minutes

Half-life: not available

Schedule: S4 restricted drugs

116
Q

Methoxyfleurane Adult Dosage

A
117
Q

Morphine Indications

A
  • Significiant pain
  • Autonomic dysreflexia (with systolic BP >160mmHg)
  • Sedation for the maintenance of an established ETT
118
Q

Morphine Contraindications

A

KSAR or hypersensitivity to morphine

Renal failure

119
Q

Morphine Precautions

A
  • Elderpy patient
  • hypotension
  • respiratory tract burns
  • respiratory depression and/or failure
  • known addiction to narcotics
  • concurrent MAOI therapy
  • Cardiac chest pain
120
Q

Morphine Side effects

A
  • Hypotension
  • Drowsiness
  • Nausea/vomiting
  • Bradycardia
  • Pin point pupils
  • Respiratory depression
121
Q

Morphine Onset/Duration/Half-life

Schedule

A

Onset: (IM) 5-10 minutes (peak 20-30 minutes)

(IV) 2-5 minutes (peak 20 minutes)

Duration: 1-2 hours

Half-life: 2 hours

Schedule: S8 controlled drugs

122
Q

Morphine Adult Dosages

Significant Pain (ACP1)

A
123
Q

Morphine Adult Dosage

Significant Pain

Autonomic Dysreflexia

A
124
Q

Morphine Adult Dosages

Sedation

A
125
Q

Naloxone Indications

A

Respiratory depression (secondary to administration of narcotic drugs)

126
Q

Naloxone Contraindications

A

KSAR or hypersensitivity to naloxone

127
Q

Naloxone Precautions

A

Use with caution on patients with preexisting cardiac disease

128
Q

Naloxone side effects

A
  • Narcotic reversal can cause combativeness, vomiting, sweating, tachycardia and hypertension
  • May produce acute withdrawal convulsions in the chronic narcotic user
  • Pulmonary oedema
129
Q

Naloxone Onset/Duration/Half-life

Schedule

A

Onset: 3-5 min (IM)/1-3 min (IV)

Duration; approx. 60 min

Half-life: 60 min

Schedule: 24 (restricted drugs

130
Q

Naloxone Adult Dosage

A
131
Q

Ondansetron Indications

A

Nausea and/or vomiting

Prophylactic administration for patients presenting with ACS

132
Q

Ondansetron contraindications

A
  • KSAR to ondansetron or other 50HY3 receptor antagonists
  • Congenital long QT syndrome
  • Patient <3 years
133
Q

Ondansetron precautions

A

Hepatic impairment

Intestinal obstruction

Patients with risk factors for QT interval prologation or cardiac arrythmias

134
Q

Ondansetron Side Effects

A

Headache

Constipation

Sensation of warmth or flushing

Dysrhythmias

135
Q

Ondansetron Onset/Duration/Half-life

A

Onset: 5 minutes

Duration: several hours

Half-life: 3-4 hours

Schedule: S4 (restricted drugs)

136
Q

Ondansetron Adult Dosages

A
137
Q

Paracetamol Indications

A

Minor pain

Fever (causing distress)

138
Q

Paracetamol Contraindications

A

KSAR of hypersensiticity to paracetamol

Patient < 1 month old

139
Q

Paracetamol side effects

A

Nausea

140
Q

Paracetamol Onset/Duration/Half Life

Schedule

A

Onset: 10-60 minutes

Duration: 4 hours

Half-life: approx. 2 hours

Schedule S2 (therapeutic poison)

141
Q

Paracetamol Adullt Dosage

A
142
Q

Salbutamol Indications

A

Bronchospasm

Suspected hyperkalaemia (with QRS widening AND/OR AV dissociation

143
Q

Paracetamol Contraindications

A

KSAR or hypersensitivity to salbutamol

Patient < 2 years

144
Q

Salbutamol Precautions

A

Acute Pulmonary oedema

Ischaemic heart disease

145
Q

Salbutamol Side effects

A

Anxiety

Tachyarrythmia

Tremors

Hypokalaemia and metabolic acidosis

146
Q

Salbutamol Onset/Duration/Half Life

A

Onset: 2-5 minutes (NEB)/1-3 minutes (IV)

Duration: 16-60 minutes (NEB)/10-20 minutes (IV

Half Life: 1.6 hours

147
Q

Salbutamol adult dosages

Bronchospasm

A
148
Q

Salbutamol adult dosages

Suspected hyperkalaemia

A
149
Q
A

QAS DTPS (3 decks)

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