DT edexcel product design - Sheet1 Flashcards
What is a thermoplastic?
A material that can be molded or formed when heated.
What is a thermoset?
A material that becomes permanently hard and rigid when heated or cured.
What are the properties of LDPE?
Low density, low stiffness, and good chemical resistance.
Commonly used for detergent bottles, toys, and carrier bags.
What are the characteristics of acrylic?
Tough, hard, durable, and easily machined.
Used in light units, car light lenses, and illuminated signs.
What is HDPE used for?
Good stiffness and chemical resistance.
Commonly used for milk containers and soft drink bottles; it may also be used for landfill liners.
What is PET’s chemical resistance?
Moderate chemical resistance.
Used in blow moulding, electrical plugs, and sockets.
What are the properties of PVC?
Good chemical resistance, weathering resistance, hard, tough, lightweight, and can be coloured.
Used for flexible hoses.
What is ABS known for?
High impact strength, good toughness, scratch resistance, lightweight, and durable.
Commonly used for kitchen products, mobile phones, and toys.
What is epoxy resin used for?
An electrical insulator that resists chemicals well but is brittle unless reinforced.
Used for adhesives, bonding of other materials, and encapsulation of electrical components.
What are the characteristics of urea formaldehyde?
Rigid, hard, good strength, brittle, heat-resistant, and a good electrical insulator.
Commonly used for electrical fittings and adhesives.
What is polyester resin?
Rigid, brittle, and has good chemical resistance.
Used for casting.
What are the properties of GRP?
Good strength to weight ratio,
Durable,
Corrosion resistant,
Minimal maintenance
Boyant
Strong as steel
What are ferrous metals?
Metals that contain iron and are utilized in the production of iron and steel.
What are non-ferrous metals?
Metals that do not contain iron, do not rust, and are not magnetic but are prone to corrosion.
What is aluminum used for?
Commonly used for kitchenware and is an excellent electrical conductor.
What is copper used for?
Used in electrical contacts, water pipes, and electrical cables.
What is zinc used for?
Used for galvanizing and can be die cast to produce high detailed products like locks.
What is tin used for?
Used for steel-plate coatings and food cans.
What is duralumin? What is it used for?
Alloy made of aluminium and copper
Used for structural components in aircraft.
What is brass used for?
Commonly used for cast valves, taps, boat fittings, and ornaments.
What are the properties of stainless steel?
Tough, wear, and corrosion resistant.
Commonly used for sinks, cutlery, and sanitary ware.
What is mild steel used for?
Commonly used for nuts, bolts, washers, and car bodies.
What is high carbon steel used for?
Used for hand tools, scribers, dot punches, and chisels.
What is medium carbon steel used for?
Used in garden tools and springs; strong and hard but less ductile, tough, or malleable.
What is cast iron used for?
Used for machine parts, brake disks, and engines.
What is MDF used for?
Used as a base for veneers, furniture sides, and pattern making for casting.
What is hardboard used for?
Used for the backs of cupboards and drawers, and the bottom of kitchen units.
What is chipboard used for?
Used for knockdown furniture, kitchen cupboards, and worktops; usually veneered or laminated for furniture.
What is plywood?
Made of thin sheets of wood glued together with the grains at right angles.
What is carbon fibre?
A woven fabric made of carbon fibres impregnated with resin to bond it together.
What is layout paper?
Lightweight, thin white paper used for initial ideas; takes colour media well and is low cost.
What is copier paper?
Bright white paper available in many colours.
What is cartridge paper?
Paper with a good quality surface that will take pencil, pens, and markers.
What is bond paper?
Durable, strong paper usually used for correspondence.
What is corrugated board used for?
Used for protective packaging.
What is reactive glass?
Glass that requires an outside stimulus such as an electric current to change.
What are photochromatic materials?
Materials that change colour in response to changes in light intensity.
What is quantum tunnelling composite?
A flexible polymer that becomes a conductor when squeezed.
What is conductivity?
The ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object.
What is strength?
The ability to maintain shape under the application of force.
What is elasticity?
The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed.
What is plasticity?
The ability of a material to be changed in shape permanently.
What is malleability?
The ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets.
What is ductility?
The ability of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire.
What is hardness?
The ability to withstand abrasive wear and indentation.
What is toughness?
The ability to absorb energy without fracturing.
What is durability?
The ability to withstand wear and tear.
What is biodegradability?
The ability to break down from microorganisms.
What is offset lithography?
A printing method with one station for each colour, where the image is etched onto a cylinder.
What is flexography?
A rotary relief printing method using rubber or plastic plates and fluid inks or dyes.
What is soft soldering?
A quick method of joining metals when little strength is required in the joint.
Why do you use hard soldering?
Used for products requiring additional strength.
What is oxy-acetylene welding?
Uses a mixture of oxygen and acetylene to create a flame that burns at around 2500°C.
What is brazing?
The process of joining metal with a filler rod that melts at a temperature below the metal being joined.
What is MIG welding?
A subtype of GMAW that uses an inert gas or gas mixture for shielding.
What is contact adhesive?
‘Evostick’, an instant drying, waterproof adhesive for wood, metal, and plastic.
What is acrylic cement?
Used for joining acrylic and some other types of plastics by melting the surface.
What are hot glue sticks used for?
Used for rapid bonding of papers and cards.
What is super glue?
A waterproof medium strength adhesive that works on wood, plastic, and metal.
What is polystyrene cement?
A strong bond that melts surfaces together, used for high impact polystyrene.
What is electroplating?
An electrolytic process in which a metal ion is reduced and a solid metal is deposited on a surface.
What is anodising?
A process that thickens the oxide layer on aluminium for added corrosion protection.
What is powder coating?
Applying paints to a product that has been statically charged and baked in the oven.
What are wood preservatives used for?
To forestall attack by decay, fungi, or harmful insects.
What is screen printing?
Forcing ink or metal onto a surface through a prepared screen to create a picture or pattern.
What is gravure printing?
intaglio printing process, which involves engraving the image onto an image carrier. In gravure printing, the image is engraved onto a cylinder because, like offset printing and flexography, it uses a rotary printing press.
The highest quality but most expensive print process used for detailed images.
What is blow moulding?
A process for making hollow plastic forms by blowing air into heated thermoplastic.
What is injection molding?
A process where plastic is heated and forced into a cavity by a screw or ram.
What is vacuum forming?
Heating a thermoplastic sheet until it softens and forcing it against a mold using vacuum pressure.
What is extrusion?
A manufacturing process that forces material through a shaped opening.
What is rotational moulding?
A process that produces large products with no seams and stress-free corners.
What is sand casting?
A process of pressing moist sand around a pattern to create a mold.
What is investment casting?
Creating a shape in wax, covering it with plaster, melting the wax, and pouring in molten metal.
What is die casting?
Forcing molten metal into a metallic mold under hydraulic pressure.
What is turning process?
A machine process where raw material is spun to remove material and make a round part.
What is rapid prototyping?
Allows designers to generate parts quickly from 3D models for mock-up and testing. This can be done through CAD or through 3d printing
What is Art Deco?
An art style of the 1920s and 1930s based on modern materials and geometric patterns.
Who is Eileen Gray?
An influential designer known for her futuristic designs.
What is post-modernism?
A late-20th-century style that represents a departure from modernism.
What is the Arts and Crafts Movement?
A movement that challenged industrialism, believing it ruined the craft and art of work.
What is Art Nouveau?
A style characterized by curving shapes abstracted from nature.
What is mass production?
The production of goods in large numbers through machinery and assembly lines.
What is batch production?
A manufacturing operation that produces goods in large batches in standard lot sizes.
What is one-off production?
An individual article or prototype for larger-scale production.
What is technological obsolescence?
The process of new technology making older products out of date.
What is modernism?
An aesthetic focused on technology and machines.
What is Bauhaus?
A multi-disciplined base of art found in handcraft, emphasizing functional design.
What is isometric drawing?
Ideal for sketching design ideas and illustrating product designs.
What is 2 point perspective?
A widely used method for illustrating product designs and architecture.
What is 3rd angle orthographic projection?
Used for engineering drawings and planning for models and prototypes.
What is galvanising?
The process of coating iron or steel with zinc to prevent rust.
What is cathodic protection?
A method using an active metal to protect steel from corrosion.
What is lamination?
Covering the surface of a material with a thin sheet of another material for protection.
What is varnishing?
Applied to paper/board for a high gloss finish.
What is hot foil blocking?
The process involves applying heat and pressure to transfer metallic or pigmented foil onto the substrate
What is embossing?
Creating a raised relief design on a paper surface through pressure.
What is CNC laser cutting?
A device that cuts out parts with a powerful beam of light.
What is CNC milling?
A machine process that is accurate and fast for large batches.
What is CNC lathe?
Accurately manufactures complex turned components from various materials.
What is risk assessment?
The process of measuring risk in a work environment.
What is COSHH?
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002.
What is ergonomics?
The study of human factors affecting design and operation of tools.
What is anthropometrics?
Deals with body measurements, particularly size and strength.
What is the BSI kitemark?
Indicates compliance with British and European standards.
What is flammability?
Limiting the release of harmful substances.
What are the advantages of manufacturing in developing countries?
Increasing employment and living standards.
What are the disadvantages of manufacturing in developing countries?
Increase in pollution and waste, and lower safety standards.
What is a patent?
Exclusive rights over an invention.
What is sustainable product design?
Design that is easy to dismantle, repair, and separate components.
What is sustainable manufacture?
Using materials that create less waste and use less energy.
What is sustainable distribution?
Reducing congestion on roads and using less polluting transport.
What is pictorial drawing?
Shows an object’s height, width, and depth in a single view.
What are working drawings?
Convey all information needed to manufacture and assemble a design.
What is quality control?
A strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production.
What is quality assurance?
Ensures a product is fit for purpose through testing stages.
What is total quality management?
Achieving customer satisfaction by applying quality assurance at every stage.
What are the benefits of quality management for people in an organization?
Better working conditions and improved morale.
What are the benefits of quality management for owners and investors?
Increased return on investment and market share.
What are the societal benefits of quality management?
Fulfillment of legal requirements and reduced environmental impact.
What are the advantages of robotics in production?
Can perform repetitive tasks and work in hazardous environments.
What are the disadvantages of robotics in production?
Limited sensors and flexibility compared to humans.
What is a life cycle assessment?
Analysis of environmental impacts of products from design to end-of-life.
What is the Consumer Rights Act 2015?
Governs how consumers buy and businesses sell in the UK.
What is the Sale of Goods Act 1979?
Ensures goods must be of satisfactory quality and as described.
What is the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974?
Regulates occupational health and safety.
What is copyright?
The exclusive legal right to print, publish, or perform material.
What are design rights?
Rights to commercially use, license, or sell a design.
What is a trademark?
A brand with exclusive legal protection for its name and design.
What is sintering?
Fusion of ceramic particles by heating them to the point of melting.
How do solar panels work?
Made of layers of silicon that absorb solar energy to generate electricity.
How do LCDs work?
Contains liquid crystals that change structure when a voltage is applied.
How does electroluminescent light work?
Converts electricity into light by sending a voltage across electrodes.
What is a brand with exclusive legal protection?
A brand that has exclusive legal protection for both its brand name and its design.
What is sintering?
The fusion of ceramic particles at their borders by heating them to the point that they just start to melt.
How do solar panels work?
They are made of layers of silicon that absorb solar energy to make electrical current.
How do LCDs work?
The cell contains liquid crystals. When a PD is applied, the light falls and it goes dark because its molecular structure changes to let more polarised light through at a right angle.
What is Oak wood like?
Durable, heavy, dries slowly.
What is Mahogany wood like?
A durable, reddish brown wood; reddish brown in color.
What is Beech wood like?
Hard, tough, strong, abrasion resistant.
What are the characteristics of Jelutong wood?
Hardwood, low density, straight grain, fine texture.
What is Balsa wood like?
Light, soft, strong.
What is Pine wood like?
Knots, soft, easy to work, rot resistant.
What is Cedar wood like?
Durable, dense, strong, stiff.
What is Larch wood like?
Tough, waterproof, durable, knot free.
What is Redwood wood like?
Easy to work, soft, easy to dent.
