DT edexcel product design - Sheet1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a thermoplastic?

A

A material that can be molded or formed when heated.

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2
Q

What is a thermoset?

A

A material that becomes permanently hard and rigid when heated or cured.

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3
Q

What are the properties of LDPE?

A

Low density, low stiffness, and good chemical resistance.

Commonly used for detergent bottles, toys, and carrier bags.

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of acrylic?

A

Tough, hard, durable, and easily machined.

Used in light units, car light lenses, and illuminated signs.

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5
Q

What is HDPE used for?

A

Good stiffness and chemical resistance.

Commonly used for milk containers and soft drink bottles; it may also be used for landfill liners.

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6
Q

What is PET’s chemical resistance?

A

Moderate chemical resistance.

Used in blow moulding, electrical plugs, and sockets.

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7
Q

What are the properties of PVC?

A

Good chemical resistance, weathering resistance, hard, tough, lightweight, and can be coloured.

Used for flexible hoses.

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8
Q

What is ABS known for?

A

High impact strength, good toughness, scratch resistance, lightweight, and durable.

Commonly used for kitchen products, mobile phones, and toys.

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9
Q

What is epoxy resin used for?

A

An electrical insulator that resists chemicals well but is brittle unless reinforced.

Used for adhesives, bonding of other materials, and encapsulation of electrical components.

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of urea formaldehyde?

A

Rigid, hard, good strength, brittle, heat-resistant, and a good electrical insulator.

Commonly used for electrical fittings and adhesives.

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11
Q

What is polyester resin?

A

Rigid, brittle, and has good chemical resistance.

Used for casting.

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12
Q

What are the properties of GRP?

A

Good strength to weight ratio,
Durable,
Corrosion resistant,
Minimal maintenance
Boyant
Strong as steel

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13
Q

What are ferrous metals?

A

Metals that contain iron and are utilized in the production of iron and steel.

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14
Q

What are non-ferrous metals?

A

Metals that do not contain iron, do not rust, and are not magnetic but are prone to corrosion.

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15
Q

What is aluminum used for?

A

Commonly used for kitchenware and is an excellent electrical conductor.

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16
Q

What is copper used for?

A

Used in electrical contacts, water pipes, and electrical cables.

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17
Q

What is zinc used for?

A

Used for galvanizing and can be die cast to produce high detailed products like locks.

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18
Q

What is tin used for?

A

Used for steel-plate coatings and food cans.

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19
Q

What is duralumin? What is it used for?

A

Alloy made of aluminium and copper
Used for structural components in aircraft.

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20
Q

What is brass used for?

A

Commonly used for cast valves, taps, boat fittings, and ornaments.

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21
Q

What are the properties of stainless steel?

A

Tough, wear, and corrosion resistant.

Commonly used for sinks, cutlery, and sanitary ware.

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22
Q

What is mild steel used for?

A

Commonly used for nuts, bolts, washers, and car bodies.

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23
Q

What is high carbon steel used for?

A

Used for hand tools, scribers, dot punches, and chisels.

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24
Q

What is medium carbon steel used for?

A

Used in garden tools and springs; strong and hard but less ductile, tough, or malleable.

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25
Q

What is cast iron used for?

A

Used for machine parts, brake disks, and engines.

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26
Q

What is MDF used for?

A

Used as a base for veneers, furniture sides, and pattern making for casting.

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27
Q

What is hardboard used for?

A

Used for the backs of cupboards and drawers, and the bottom of kitchen units.

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28
Q

What is chipboard used for?

A

Used for knockdown furniture, kitchen cupboards, and worktops; usually veneered or laminated for furniture.

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29
Q

What is plywood?

A

Made of thin sheets of wood glued together with the grains at right angles.

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30
Q

What is carbon fibre?

A

A woven fabric made of carbon fibres impregnated with resin to bond it together.

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31
Q

What is layout paper?

A

Lightweight, thin white paper used for initial ideas; takes colour media well and is low cost.

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32
Q

What is copier paper?

A

Bright white paper available in many colours.

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33
Q

What is cartridge paper?

A

Paper with a good quality surface that will take pencil, pens, and markers.

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34
Q

What is bond paper?

A

Durable, strong paper usually used for correspondence.

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35
Q

What is corrugated board used for?

A

Used for protective packaging.

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36
Q

What is reactive glass?

A

Glass that requires an outside stimulus such as an electric current to change.

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37
Q

What are photochromatic materials?

A

Materials that change colour in response to changes in light intensity.

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38
Q

What is quantum tunnelling composite?

A

A flexible polymer that becomes a conductor when squeezed.

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39
Q

What is conductivity?

A

The ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object.

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40
Q

What is strength?

A

The ability to maintain shape under the application of force.

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41
Q

What is elasticity?

A

The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed.

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42
Q

What is plasticity?

A

The ability of a material to be changed in shape permanently.

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43
Q

What is malleability?

A

The ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets.

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44
Q

What is ductility?

A

The ability of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire.

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45
Q

What is hardness?

A

The ability to withstand abrasive wear and indentation.

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46
Q

What is toughness?

A

The ability to absorb energy without fracturing.

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47
Q

What is durability?

A

The ability to withstand wear and tear.

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48
Q

What is biodegradability?

A

The ability to break down from microorganisms.

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49
Q

What is offset lithography?

A

A printing method with one station for each colour, where the image is etched onto a cylinder.

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50
Q

What is flexography?

A

A rotary relief printing method using rubber or plastic plates and fluid inks or dyes.

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51
Q

What is soft soldering?

A

A quick method of joining metals when little strength is required in the joint.

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52
Q

Why do you use hard soldering?

A

Used for products requiring additional strength.

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53
Q

What is oxy-acetylene welding?

A

Uses a mixture of oxygen and acetylene to create a flame that burns at around 2500°C.

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54
Q

What is brazing?

A

The process of joining metal with a filler rod that melts at a temperature below the metal being joined.

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55
Q

What is MIG welding?

A

A subtype of GMAW that uses an inert gas or gas mixture for shielding.

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56
Q

What is contact adhesive?

A

‘Evostick’, an instant drying, waterproof adhesive for wood, metal, and plastic.

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57
Q

What is acrylic cement?

A

Used for joining acrylic and some other types of plastics by melting the surface.

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58
Q

What are hot glue sticks used for?

A

Used for rapid bonding of papers and cards.

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59
Q

What is super glue?

A

A waterproof medium strength adhesive that works on wood, plastic, and metal.

60
Q

What is polystyrene cement?

A

A strong bond that melts surfaces together, used for high impact polystyrene.

61
Q

What is electroplating?

A

An electrolytic process in which a metal ion is reduced and a solid metal is deposited on a surface.

62
Q

What is anodising?

A

A process that thickens the oxide layer on aluminium for added corrosion protection.

63
Q

What is powder coating?

A

Applying paints to a product that has been statically charged and baked in the oven.

64
Q

What are wood preservatives used for?

A

To forestall attack by decay, fungi, or harmful insects.

65
Q

What is screen printing?

A

Forcing ink or metal onto a surface through a prepared screen to create a picture or pattern.

66
Q

What is gravure printing?

A

The highest quality but most expensive print process used for detailed images.

67
Q

What is blow moulding?

A

A process for making hollow plastic forms by blowing air into heated thermoplastic.

68
Q

What is injection molding?

A

A process where plastic is heated and forced into a cavity by a screw or ram.

69
Q

What is vacuum forming?

A

Heating a thermoplastic sheet until it softens and forcing it against a mold using vacuum pressure.

70
Q

What is extrusion?

A

A manufacturing process that forces material through a shaped opening.

71
Q

What is rotational moulding?

A

A process that produces large products with no seams and stress-free corners.

72
Q

What is sand casting?

A

A process of pressing moist sand around a pattern to create a mold.

73
Q

What is investment casting?

A

Creating a shape in wax, covering it with plaster, melting the wax, and pouring in molten metal.

74
Q

What is die casting?

A

Forcing molten metal into a metallic mold under hydraulic pressure.

75
Q

What is turning process?

A

A machine process where raw material is spun to remove material and make a round part.

76
Q

What is rapid prototyping?

A

Allows designers to generate parts quickly from 3D models for mock-up and testing.

77
Q

What is Art Deco?

A

An art style of the 1920s and 1930s based on modern materials and geometric patterns.

78
Q

Who is Eileen Gray?

A

An influential designer known for her futuristic designs.

79
Q

What is post-modernism?

A

A late-20th-century style that represents a departure from modernism.

80
Q

What is the Arts and Crafts Movement?

A

A movement that challenged industrialism, believing it ruined the craft and art of work.

81
Q

What is Art Nouveau?

A

A style characterized by curving shapes abstracted from nature.

82
Q

What is mass production?

A

The production of goods in large numbers through machinery and assembly lines.

83
Q

What is batch production?

A

A manufacturing operation that produces goods in large batches in standard lot sizes.

84
Q

What is one-off production?

A

An individual article or prototype for larger-scale production.

85
Q

What is technological obsolescence?

A

The process of new technology making older products out of date.

86
Q

What is modernism?

A

An aesthetic focused on technology and machines.

87
Q

What is Bauhaus?

A

A multi-disciplined base of art found in handcraft, emphasizing functional design.

88
Q

What is isometric drawing?

A

Ideal for sketching design ideas and illustrating product designs.

89
Q

What is 2 point perspective?

A

A widely used method for illustrating product designs and architecture.

90
Q

What is 3rd angle orthographic projection?

A

Used for engineering drawings and planning for models and prototypes.

91
Q

What is galvanising?

A

The process of coating iron or steel with zinc to prevent rust.

92
Q

What is cathodic protection?

A

A method using an active metal to protect steel from corrosion.

93
Q

What is lamination?

A

Covering the surface of a material with a thin sheet of another material for protection.

94
Q

What is varnishing?

A

Applied to paper/board for a high gloss finish.

95
Q

What is hot foil blocking?

A

Used to produce reflective metal printing effects.

96
Q

What is embossing?

A

Creating a raised relief design on a paper surface through pressure.

97
Q

What is CNC laser cutting?

A

A device that cuts out parts with a powerful beam of light.

98
Q

What is CNC milling?

A

A machine process that is accurate and fast for large batches.

99
Q

What is CNC lathe?

A

Accurately manufactures complex turned components from various materials.

100
Q

What is risk assessment?

A

The process of measuring risk in a work environment.

101
Q

What is COSHH?

A

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002.

102
Q

What is ergonomics?

A

The study of human factors affecting design and operation of tools.

103
Q

What is anthropometrics?

A

Deals with body measurements, particularly size and strength.

104
Q

What is the BSI kitemark?

A

Indicates compliance with British and European standards.

105
Q

What is flammability?

A

Limiting the release of harmful substances.

106
Q

What are the advantages of manufacturing in developing countries?

A

Increasing employment and living standards.

107
Q

What are the disadvantages of manufacturing in developing countries?

A

Increase in pollution and waste, and lower safety standards.

108
Q

What is a patent?

A

Exclusive rights over an invention.

109
Q

What is sustainable product design?

A

Design that is easy to dismantle, repair, and separate components.

110
Q

What is sustainable manufacture?

A

Using materials that create less waste and use less energy.

111
Q

What is sustainable distribution?

A

Reducing congestion on roads and using less polluting transport.

112
Q

What is pictorial drawing?

A

Shows an object’s height, width, and depth in a single view.

113
Q

What are working drawings?

A

Convey all information needed to manufacture and assemble a design.

114
Q

What is quality control?

A

A strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production.

115
Q

What is quality assurance?

A

Ensures a product is fit for purpose through testing stages.

116
Q

What is total quality management?

A

Achieving customer satisfaction by applying quality assurance at every stage.

117
Q

What are the benefits of quality management for people in an organization?

A

Better working conditions and improved morale.

118
Q

What are the benefits of quality management for owners and investors?

A

Increased return on investment and market share.

119
Q

What are the societal benefits of quality management?

A

Fulfillment of legal requirements and reduced environmental impact.

120
Q

What are the advantages of robotics in production?

A

Can perform repetitive tasks and work in hazardous environments.

121
Q

What are the disadvantages of robotics in production?

A

Limited sensors and flexibility compared to humans.

122
Q

What is a life cycle assessment?

A

Analysis of environmental impacts of products from design to end-of-life.

123
Q

What is the Consumer Rights Act 2015?

A

Governs how consumers buy and businesses sell in the UK.

124
Q

What is the Sale of Goods Act 1979?

A

Ensures goods must be of satisfactory quality and as described.

125
Q

What is the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974?

A

Regulates occupational health and safety.

126
Q

What is copyright?

A

The exclusive legal right to print, publish, or perform material.

127
Q

What are design rights?

A

Rights to commercially use, license, or sell a design.

128
Q

What is a trademark?

A

A brand with exclusive legal protection for its name and design.

129
Q

What is sintering?

A

Fusion of ceramic particles by heating them to the point of melting.

130
Q

How do solar panels work?

A

Made of layers of silicon that absorb solar energy to generate electricity.

131
Q

How do LCDs work?

A

Contains liquid crystals that change structure when a voltage is applied.

132
Q

How does electroluminescent light work?

A

Converts electricity into light by sending a voltage across electrodes.

133
Q

What is a brand with exclusive legal protection?

A

A brand that has exclusive legal protection for both its brand name and its design.

134
Q

What is sintering?

A

The fusion of ceramic particles at their borders by heating them to the point that they just start to melt.

135
Q

How do solar panels work?

A

They are made of layers of silicon that absorb solar energy to make electrical current.

136
Q

How do LCDs work?

A

The cell contains liquid crystals. When a PD is applied, the light falls and it goes dark because its molecular structure changes to let more polarised light through at a right angle.

137
Q

What is Oak wood like?

A

Durable, heavy, dries slowly.

138
Q

What is Mahogany wood like?

A

A durable, reddish brown wood; reddish brown in color.

139
Q

What is Beech wood like?

A

Hard, tough, strong, abrasion resistant.

140
Q

What are the characteristics of Jelutong wood?

A

Hardwood, low density, straight grain, fine texture.

141
Q

What is Balsa wood like?

A

Light, soft, strong.

142
Q

What is Pine wood like?

A

Knots, soft, easy to work, rot resistant.

143
Q

What is Cedar wood like?

A

Durable, dense, strong, stiff.

144
Q

What is Larch wood like?

A

Tough, waterproof, durable, knot free.

145
Q

What is Redwood wood like?

A

Easy to work, soft, easy to dent.