DSM Classification

Question 1

What are the Criteria for Major Depressive Disorder?

Answer 1

1. 5+ present for at least 2 weeks. - Each, change from usual functioning. - At least one of - reduced mood/decreased pleasure or interest in activities : 1. Reduced Mood. 2. Decreased pleasure in activities. 3. Weight Loss/Decreased appetite. 4. Decreased Concentration. 5. Fatigue/Tiredness. 6. Decreased sleep (waking early). 7. Psychomotor agitation or retardation. 8. Feelings of worthlessness/guilt. 9. Recurrent thoughts of death. 2. Clinically significant distress/impairment in - social - occupational - other important areas. 3. Not attributable to physiological effects of a substance/another medical condition.

Mnemonic

CAPSISE G

Concentration/difficulty making decisions

Appetite and/or weight increase/decrease

Psychomotor activity - increase or decrease

Sleep - increased or decreased

Interest - decreased

Suicidal ideation (recurrent thoughts of death)

Energy - decreased or fatigued

Guilt/worthlessness.

Question 2

What is the criteria for diagnosis of Schizophrenia?

Answer 2

The Man Has Numerous Delusions

1. Thought Disorder

• • derailment*
• • tangentiality*
• -circumstantiality*
• • incoherence.*
• 2. Motor disorganisation/catatonic behaviour.*

3. Hallucinations

• 4. Negative Symptoms*
• • diminished facial expression*
• • avolition (motivation)*
• • anhedonia (pleasure)*
• alogia (language)
• asociality (social)

5. Delusions

1, 3, 5, must be present.

A. 2+ of the following - Present for most of 1-month period. - 1/2/3 must be present. 1. Delusions. 2. Hallucinations 3. Disorganised speech (derailment, tangentiality, circumstantiality, incoherence). 4. Grossly disorganised motor behaviour/catatonic behaviour 5. Negative symptoms (diminished emotional expression, avolition, anhedonia, alogia, asociality). B. Decrease in level of functioning (work, interpersonal relationships, self care), below level previously achieved (adolescents: below developmental level for that age). C. - Continous signs of disturbance for at least 6 months. - At least 1 month of symptoms that meet Criterion A (active phase). - Prodromal/residual periods: negative symptoms, or attenuated version of symptoms in Criterion A (ie, odd beliefs, unusual perceptive experiences). D. Ruled out: - Schizoaffective disorder - Depressive disorders - Bipolar disorder. E. Not attributed to physiological effects of a substance/medication.

Question 3

What are the criteria for diagnosis of Bipolar I Disorder?

Answer 3

A. Criteria have been met for at least one manic episode. B. Occurrence of manic/major depressive episodes not better explained by schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, or other specified or unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder.

Question 4

What is the criteria for diagnosis of Bipolar II Disorder?

Answer 4

A. Criteria have been met for at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode. B. There has never been a manic episode. C. Not better explained by schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, or other specified/unspecified schizophrenia spectrum or other psychotic disorder. D. Symptoms cause clinically significant distress or functional impairment (social, occupational).

Question 5

What is the criteria for diagnosis of Cyclothymic Disorder?

Answer 5

A. Numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms (do not meet criteria for hypomanic episode) AND numerous periods with depressive symptoms (do not meet criteria for a major depressive episode). - At least 2 years. B. During period: - hypomanic/depressive symptoms have been present for at least half the time. - Not been without symptoms for more than 2 months at a time. C. Criteria for major depressive, manic, hypomanic episode have never been met. D. Not better explained by - Schizoaffective disorder - Schizophrenia - Schizophreniform disorder - Delusional disorder E. Not attributable to physiological effects of a substance/medication or another medical condition. F. Symptoms cause clinically significant distress/impairment (social, occupational, other important areas).

Question 6

What are the 4 clusters of symptoms for PTSD?

Answer 6

ARCH

1. Avoidance (physical and mental - no planning for the future).
2. Re-experiencing (flashbacks, nightmares)
3. Cognitive deficits (decreased memory, concentration)
4. Hyper-vigilant state (irritable, angry, physical symptoms)

Question 7

What are the requirements of diagnosis of PTSD?

Question 8

What are the 4 major symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder?

Answer 8

1. Affective dysregulation
2. Impulsivity
3. Black and White thinking
4. Feelings of inner emptiness.

Question 9

What is rapid cycling bipolar?

Answer 9

Subcategory within bipolar i/ii/cyclothymic.

4+ depressive/manic/hypomanic episodes in 1 year.

Question 10

What are the 5 clusters of symptoms of schizophrenia, and what is included in each?

Answer 10

1. Positive
   - hallucinations
   - delusions
   - disorganised speech (thought disorder)
   - disorganised behaviour
2. Negative.
   - flat affect
   - anhedonia
   - alogia
   - avolition
   - asociality
3. Cognitive
   - attentional impairment.
   - thought disorder
   - impaired informational processing.
4. Mood
   - depressive
   - manic
   - anxious
5. Aggression.
   - towards self: self harm
   - towards others.