DSM

Question 1

What is the full term of DSM?

Answer 1

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Question 2

As of 2018, what is the latest edition of the DSM?

Answer 2

Fifth Edition

Question 3

Who is the Task Force Chair who managed the different groups who produced the DSM-5?

Answer 3

David J. Kupfer, MD

Question 4

How many Sections does the DSM-V have?

Answer 4

3

Question 5

What group came up with the DSM?

Answer 5

American Psychiatric Association

Question 6

When was the first DSM published?

Answer 6

1844

Question 7

It served as a statistical classifier of institutionalized mental patients in different hospitals.

Answer 7

First edition of the DSM

Question 8

It is a system designed to share goals of creating clearer criteria of mental disorders to improve clinical utility and organizational structure.

Answer 8

ICD or International Classification of Disorders

Question 9

Who is the group who established ICD?

Answer 9

World Health Organization (WHO)

Question 10

During the DSM-iii, challenges for clinicians and scientists about the description of disorders emerged. It is because of high rates of comorbidity within DSM chapters thus making it difficult to diagnose. What terminology was used for criteria that cannot be placed in a specific disorder or criteria that doesn’t meet any specific category within a diagnostic class?

Answer 10

the Not Otherwise Specified (NOR) designation.

Question 11

What are the four principles that guided the DSM-V revisions?

Answer 11

1. It is intended to be a manual and revisions must be feasible for routine clinical practice
2. Revisions should be guided by research evidence
3. Continuity should be maintained with previous editions
4. No a priori constraints should be placed on the degree of change between DSM-iv and DSM-v

Question 12

What is a classification of mental disorders with associated criteria designed to facilitate more reliable diagnoses of disorders?

Answer 12

the DSM or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

Question 13

What are the Two factors when used in clustering of disorders, represents an empirically supported framework?

Answer 13

Internalizing group & Externalizing Group

Question 14

It is a factor representing disorders characterized by depressed mood, anxiety, and related physiological and cognitive symptoms. When this construct is placed, it should aid in developing new diagnostic and dimensional approaches while the biological markers are also identified and facilitated. What factor is this?

Answer 14

Internalizing group

Question 15

It is a factor representing disorders exhibiting antisocial behavior, conduct disturbances, addictions, impulse-control disorders that aids in identifying diagnoses, markers, and underlying mechanisms. What factor is it?

Answer 15

Externalizing group

Question 16

This provides interpretive frameworks that shape the experience, expression of the symptoms, signs, and behaviors that are criteria for diagnosis. It may also provide coping strategies, suggest help seeking, and influence acceptance or rejection of a diagnosis. What is it?

Answer 16

Culture

Question 17

In the DSM-V, culture affects the conduct of the clinical encounter. What culture issue construct has been present in the previous edition/s of the DSM and is now replaced with three concepts about cultural issues?

Answer 17

Culture-bound syndrome

Question 18

What are the three constructs that are newly placed in the DSM-V that is helpful in suggesting cultural ways of understanding and is a key interest of cultural psychiatry research pertaining to cultural issues?

Answer 18

1. Cultural Syndrome
2. Cultural idiom of distress
3. Cultural explanation or Perceived cause

Question 19

Another factor that relates to the causes and expression of medical conditions. This factor solely focuses in the individual’s variation resulting from biological sex, his/her individual’s self-representation and how they may be at risk of a disorder because of this. What factor is it?

Answer 19

Gender Difference

Question 20

What is the variation attributed to an individual’s reproductive organs called?

Answer 20

Sex Differences

Question 21

In the DSM-v, NOS has been replaced and divided into two terms used for clinical use. What are they?

Answer 21

Other Specified Disorder and Unspecified Disorder.

Question 22

It is one of the category that replaced NOS and is used by the clinician to describe that the specific reason does not meet the criteria for anyaa specific category within a diagnostic class. This term is also used when there is evidence to specify the nature of the clinical presentation but not enough to plaxe it in a class. What is it?

Answer 22

Other Specified Disorder

Question 23

When the clinician isn’t able to further specify and describe the clinical presentation, what term is given to the disorder if you use its DSM-V term instead of NOS ?

Answer 23

Unspecified Disorder

Question 24

It is a group of co-occuring relatively invariant symptoms found in a specific cultural group thay may not be recognized as illness within the culture but is recognizable by outside observers. What is it?

Answer 24

Cultural Syndrome

Question 25

What is a culture’s way of talking about suffering as a way of conveying wider range of discomfort due to social circumstances or subclinical conditions, but is not classified in their culture as distressing concernes visible as mental disorder criteria?

Answer 25

Cultural idiom of distress

Question 26

This is a label of feature of a model that provides a culturally conceived etiology commonly used by laypersons or healers to label explanations regarding disorders and diseases.

Answer 26

Cultural explanation or Perceived cause

Question 27

It is a system adopted in the DSM-iv-tr having 5 sections stating that this system does not imply that there are fundamental differences in the contents in each sections. What system is this?

Answer 27

The Multiaxial System

Question 28

In DSM-IV, axis V contained the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. Due to its lack of clarity and questionable psychometrics, it has been removed and replaced with another standard method that aids in assessing global disability levels for mental disorders that is based on the International Classification of Functioning(ICF) and is applicable in all of medicine. What is it called?

Answer 28

WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS)

Question 29

It involves careful collection of clinical history and concise summary of social, psychological, and biological factors that may have contributed to developing into a given mental disorder.

Answer 29

Case formulation

Question 30

It is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning. What is this?

Answer 30

Mental Disorder

Question 31

What is a syndrome manifesting distress, deviance, dysfunction, and clinical disturbance?

Answer 31

Mental Disorder

Question 32

What are the three types of evidence in order to validate diagnostic criteria for discrete categorical mental disorders?

Answer 32

1. Antecedent validators
2. Concurrent validators
3. Predictive validators

Question 33

What is the validator that identifies if a diagnostic criteria fits a discrete categorical mental disorder through identifying similar genetic markers, family traits, temperament, and environmental exposure?

Answer 33

Antecedent Validator

Question 34

It is a term used when a diagnosis is identified to fit a categorical mental disorder through the use of similar clinical course and treatment response. What is it?

Answer 34

Predictive validator

Question 35

This term suggests that a clinician is able to determine if a criteria fits a categorical mental disorder through the process of getting data of the individual’s similar neural substrates, biomarkers, emotional and cognitive processing, and symptom similarity. What

Answer 35

Concurrent Validator

Question 36

These are the guidelines in the DSM for making and supporting diagnoses in order to establish clinical judgment.

Answer 36

Diagnostic Criteria

Question 37

What defines mutually exclusive and jointly exhaustive phenomenological subgroupings within a diagnosis and are also indicated by the instruction “specify whether” in the criteria set?

Answer 37

Subtypes

Question 38

This is not intended for mutual exclusivity and jointful exhaustion thus making it multivariate (having more than one given feature available). It also provides an opportunity to define more homogenous subgrouping of individuals with the disorder that shares certain features. What is it?

Answer 38

Specifiers

Question 39

What specifier uses ratings to indicate intensity, frequency, duration, or symptom count of a disorder and are indicated by instructions as well as disorder-specific definitions?

Answer 39

Severity specifier

Question 40

This specifier focuses on the additional information that can be conveyed to inform treatment planning.

Answer 40

Descriptive features specifier

Question 41

Paul is a dentist admitted to a hospital as he was diagnosed with alcohol use disorder and schizophrenia. Due to ICD coding rules, the etiological medical condition must be listed first before the second-listed diagnosis; he was first diagnosed with schizophrenia with a second listed diagnosis of alcohol use disorder. Based on the DSM-v, what type of diagnosis is ‘schizophrenia’ based on the succession of Paul’s diagnoses?

Answer 41

Principal Diagnosis