DSM-5 Flashcards
What are neurodevelopmental disorders (definition)
The disorders typicallymanifest early in development, often before the child enters grade school, andare characterized by developmental deficits that produce impairments of
personal,
social,
academic, or
occupational functioning.
what are the 8 types of neurodevelopmental disorders?
Intellectual disabilities
communication disorder
autism spectrum disorder
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
specific learning disorder
motor disorders
other specified neurodevelopmental tic disorder
unspecified neurodevelopmental tic disorder
Intellectual disability - criteria and severity
- deficits in intellectual functioning
- deficits in adaptive functioning
- onset during developmental period of both
Severity: mild, moderate, severe and profound
Anxiety Disorders and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders:
Diagnostic Criteria for Specific Phobia
Sx include:
-Intense fear/anxiety of an object or situation
-Avoidance or enduring with distress
-Disproportionate fear
-Persistent for 6+ months
-Significant distress/impairment
Diagnostic Criteria for Social Anxiety Disorder
Sx include:
-Intense fear/anxiety of 1+ social situations involving scrutiny by others
-Fear of negative evaluation
-Avoidance of situations or endures w/ fear
-Disproportionate fear
-Persistent for 6+ months
-Clinically significant distress/impair
Diagnostic Criteria for Panic Disorder
Sx include:
-Recurrent, unexpected attacks
-At least one attack followed by 1+ month concern having added attack, about consequences, and/or maladaptive change in behavior.
4+ additional Sx:
-Palpitations
-Sweating
-Trembling
-Choking feeling -Etc.
Diagnostic Criteria for Agoraphobia
how many situations sx of fear and time frame?
Sx -Fear of at least 2+ of 5 situations:
Public transport,
open space,
enclosed space,
in line or in a crowd,
outside home alone.
-Escape might be difficult
-Help unavailable in case of panic/ embarrassment
-Lasts at least 6+ months
Diagnostic Criteria for OCD
Recurrent obsessions/compulsions
-attempts to neutralise thoughts by actions
-Are time-consuming and/or impairing (1 hr or more)
-are etiher repetitive acts or mental acts
Specifiers include: -“with good, fair, or poor insight”
-“with absent insight/delusional beliefs”
-“with presence of tics”
Diagnostic Criteria for Body Dysmorphic Disorder
-Preoccupation with defect or flaw of appearance -Performed repetitive behaviors/mental acts due to flaw
Diagnostic Criteria for Hoarding Disorder
-Persistent difficulty discarding/parting with possessions
-Cluttered living area
-Symptoms cause distress or
impair functioning
Reactive Attachment Disorder
Inhibited/emotionally withdrawn behavior toward adult caregivers.
-Lack of seeking and/or responding to comfort when distressed
-Persistent social/emotional disturbance including 2+ of 3 Sx: -Minimal emotional/social response to others -Limited
positive affect -Episodes of irritability, sadness
disturbance evident before 5 yrs old
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
child has Inappropriate interactions with strangers including 2+ Sx:
-Reduced/absent reticence with unfamiliar adults
-OVerly familiar behavior
-Diminished/absent checking with caregiver
-Willingness to accompany unfamiliar adult
Child has experienced patterns of extreme insufficient care
child has developmental age of at least 9 mths
EXCORIATION (SKIN PICKING) DISORDER
Recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions.
Repeated attempts to decrease or stop skin picking.
The skin picking causes clinically significant distress or impairment
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
Persistent or recurrent episodes of unreality, detachment- outside of oneself, or derealization: -Sense of unreality or detachment involving my surroundings
-Causes clinically significant distress/ impairment
-Reality testing remains intact
Dissociative Disorders and Somatic Symptom and Related
Illness Anxiety Disorder
Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness
-Absence of somatic Sx or presence of mild somatic Sx
-High level of anxiety about health
-Excess health-related behaviors or Maladaptive avoidance of Dr., hospital, etc.
-Preoccupation is present for 6+ months
Dissociative Disorders and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders:
Conversion Disorder
1+ Sx:Disturbances in voluntary motor, sensory functions
-Sx suggestive of serious neuro disorder (paralysis)
-Incompatible Sx and neuro or med conditions
-Sx cause distress/impairment
Anorexia Nervosa
Restriction of food intake -> low body weight -Intense fear of weight gain or behavior that interferes w/
weight gain -Disturbed experience of own body weight/shape or lack of seriousness of own low weight
RUMINATION DISORDER
Repeated regurgitation of food over a period of at least 1 month. Regurgitated food may be re-chewed, re-swallowed, or spit out.
The repeated regurgitation is not attributable to an associated gastrointestinal or other medical condition (e.g., gastroesophageal reflux, pyloric stenosis).
The eating disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, or avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.
AVOIDANT/RESTRICTIVE FOOD INTAKE DISORDER
An eating or feeding disturbance (e.g., apparent lack of interest in eating or food; avoidance based on the sensory characteristics of food; concern about aversive consequences of eating) as manifested by persistent failure to meet appropriate nutritional and/or energy needs associated with one (or more) of the following:
Significant weight loss (or failure to achieve expected weight gain or faltering growth in children).
Significant nutritional deficiency.
Dependence on enteral feeding or oral nutritional supplements.
Marked interference with psychosocial functioning.
Elimination Disorders, and Sleep-Wake
Disorders:
Enuresis
-voiding of urine into bed or clothes 2+X/week for 3+ consecutive months
-At least 5 years old, developmentally
Insomnia Disorder
Dissatisfaction with sleep quality, quantity associated w/ one of 3 Sx:
-Difficulty initiating sleep
-Maintaining sleep
-Early-AM wakening & inability to go back to sleep
-At least 3X/week for 3+ months
-Inspite of opportunity for sleep -Distress
Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders and Substance-
Related and Addictive Disorders:
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
-Recurrent angry/irritable mood pattern -Argumentative/defiant or vindictiveness
-At least 4 Sx exhibited with non-sibling person(s)such as loss of temper, arguing with authorities, refusal to comply w/ authorities or rules, blaming others for own mistakes,
at least 6 mths
Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders and Substance-
Related and Addictive Disorders:
Intermittent Explosive Disorder
-Recurrent outbursts related to inability to stop aggressions, manifested by -verbal or physical aggression
2X/week for 3+ months - OR
-three outbursts that caused damage, &/or physical assault that injures during a 12-month period.
-At least 6 years old
Substance-Use
Disorders - how many sx in what time frame
-A cluster of cognitive, behavioral, physiological Sx indicating continued use of substsance despite
significant problems
-Two or more Sx during 12-mo period
-Sx in 4 groups: impaired control, social impairment, risky use, pharmacological criteria