DSA - Pharmacology Flashcards
What do Alpha 1 adrenergic receptors do?
Contraction of smooth muscle (vasoconstriction, glandular secretion)
What do Beta 2 adrenergic receptors do?
Relaxation of smooth muscle (opens up the airway)
What do Muscarinic receptors do?
Contraction of smooth muscle (constricts the airway)
What effect do the adrenergic receptors have on intestinal motility?
Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Beta 1, and Beta 2 all decrease intestinal motility
What affect do muscarinic receptors have on intestinal motility?
M2 and M3 substantially increase intestinal motility
What affect do adrenergic receptors have on intestinal sphincters?
Alpha 1 receptors contract intestinal sphincters (close)
What affect do muscarinic receptors have on intestinal sphincters?
M2 and M3 receptors relax intestinal sphincters
What affect do adrenergic receptors have on intestinal secretions?
Alpha 2 receptors inhibit intestinal secretions
What affect do muscarinic receptors have on intestinal secretions?
M2 and M3 receptors promote intestinal secretions
What affect do adrenergic receptors have on the detrusor muscle?
Beta 2 receptors relax the detrusor muscle
What affect do muscarinic receptors have on the detrusor muscle?
M3 and M2 promote detrusor muscle contraction, but M3 is more effective than M2
What affect do adrenergic receptors have on the Trigone Muscle and the urinary bladder internal sphincter?
Alpha 1 receptors promote contraction of the trigone muscle and urinary bladder internal sphincter
What affect do muscarinic receptors have on the Trigone Muscle and the Urinary bladder internal sphincter?
M3 and M2 receptors cause the Trigone Muscle and urinary bladder internal sphincter to relax, but the M3 receptor is more effective than the M2 receptor
What is miosis?
constriction of the pupil due to parasympathetic innervation
What is pheochromocytoma?
Norepinephrine/Epinephrine secreting tumor in the adrenal medulla
Symptoms typically include headaches, perspiration, and palpitations
What do alpha 2 receptors do in the CNS?
Alpha 2 receptors are found presynaptically in the central nervous system
When activated by an agonist, they suppress release of catecholamines from neurons
Which branch of nervous system induces sweat glands, and which receptors/neurotransmitters are used?
Sympathetic NS activates sweat glands via muscarinic ACh Receptors
Which branch of the nervous system induces skeletal muscle contraction and what receptors/neurotransmitters are used?
Somatic NS activates skeletal muscle contraction via nicotinic ACh Receptors
Which branch of the nervous system induces contraction of Renal Vascular Smooth muscle and which receptors/neurotransmitters are used?
Sympathetic nervous system activates renal vascular smooth muscle via Dopaminergic receptors (D1) and dopamine
What branch of the nervous system induces secretion of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla, and what receptors/neurotransmitters are used?
Sympathetic NS activates catecholamine secretion from adrenal medulla via nicotinic ACh receptors
What affect do adrenergic receptors have on tracheal and bronchial smooth muscle?
Beta 2 receptors induce tracheal and bronchial smooth muscle relaxation
What affect do muscarinic receptors have on tracheal and bronchial smooth muscle?
M2 and M3 equally induce contraction of tracheal and bronchial smooth muscle
Why wouldn’t you necessarily want to use an AChE inhibitor?
IT IS NOT SPECIFIC, can cause adverse effects at all ACh receptors (muscarinic and nicitinic)
What is myasthenia gravis?
Autoimmune disorder that attacks nicotinic AChR, causing muscle weakness
