DSA Biomolecules Supplement Flashcards
1
Q
Starch
A
- dietary carbohydrate
- nutritional carbohydrate
- polysaccharide glucose
2
Q
Sucrose
A
- found in fruits and vegetables
- disaccharide of glucose and fructose
- dietary carbohydrate
3
Q
Dietary fiber
A
- dietary carbohydrate
- plant origin
4
Q
Lactose
A
- dietary carbohydrate
- major dietary carbohydrate of animal origin
- disaccharide of glucose and galactose
5
Q
Lactose intolerance
A
- body’s inability to easily digest lactose d/t genetic deficiency of lactase
- lactase has an age-dependent decrease in production of the enzymes
- results in gas, abdominal pain, and bloating within 2 hours of eating lactose
- lactase is in the small intestine
- lack of lactase leads to bacterial fermentation of lactose in the large intestine
6
Q
Blood glucose
A
- Regulated by insulin and glucagon
- normal is 70- 100 mg/dL fasting, <140 mg/dL fed
- hypoglycemia is < 60 mg/dL (hunger, sweating, trembling)
- DM >126 mg/dL (fasting), >199 mg/dL (fed)
- <40 mg/dL: convulsions, coma, brain damage, death
7
Q
glucose, fructose, galactose, and ribose are examples of
A
monosaccarides
8
Q
maltose, lactose, and sucrose are examples of
A
disaccharides
9
Q
glycolipids and glycoproteins are examples of
A
oligosaccharides
10
Q
glycogen, starch, and cellulose are examples of
A
polysaccharides
11
Q
mannitol, sorbitol, and xylitol are examples of
A
sugars alcohols, they are food additives, they are significant in uncontrolled DM (cataracts and peripheral neuropathy)
12
Q
omega 3 fatty acid
A
linolenic acid
13
Q
omega 6 fatty acid
A
linoleic and arachidonic acids
