DSA 1: Cell Organelles Flashcards
What is the role of the plasma membrane?
Outer bilayer of cells
- protective
- transporters
- signaling
What is the role of the nucleus?
Contains genome
-principal site for DNA and RNA synthesis
What is the role of the cytoplasm?
Intermediary Metabolism
What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Rough ER
- protein synthesis and folding
- segregation of proteins for intracellular use
- export from cell
Smother ER
- lipid synthesis
- glycogen metabolism
- phospholipid synthesis
- detoxifcation
- steroidogenesis
- calcium regulation
What is the role of the golgi apparatus?
Post translational changes on proteins and lipids
- attach carbohydrates to glycoproteins and proteoglycans
- polysaccharide and oligosaccharide synthesis
What is the role of the mitochondria?
POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL
-ATP production, signaling, cell differentiation and cell death
What is the role of the lysosome?
Digestive enzymes that degrade organelles and biomolecules
-acidic
What is the role of the peroxisomes?
Has enzymes for oxidation reactions
- synthesis and degradation of hydrogen peroxide
- B oxidation of long chain fatty acids
- bile acids and cholesterol synthesis
- detoxify alcohol
How does the lumen of cellular compartments communicate with each other and the exterior of the cell?
Membrane budding and fusion
What does the ER consist of?
Flat sacs (cisternae)
Tubules
Vesicles
Lumen/Cisternal compartment
Cytoplasmic/Cytosolic compartment
Where are proteins from Rough ER transported to?
Cis portion of Golgi apparatus
What is the difference between smooth and rough ER?
Smooth ER Lacks:
-ribosomes-
tubular cisternae
Where does the cis and trans side of Golgi Apparatus face?
cis: adjacent to ER
trans: toward plasma membrane and nucleus
What are the two types of vesicle transport mechanisms?
Clathrin Coated
-transport from golgi apparatus to lysosomes or products from exterior of cell to lysosome
COP coated vesicles
transport from Golgi and ER
What surrounds invaginated coated pit in clathrin coated vesicles?
Dynamin