Drugs With Adverse Effects on the Respiratory System Flashcards
1
Q
What three types of drugs have adverse effects on the respiratory system
A
- Drugs that cause bronchospasm
- Drugs that suppress respiration
- Drugs that cause interstitial lung disease (fibrosis)
2
Q
What are two examples of drugs which cause bronchospasm
A
- Beta adrenoceptor antagonists (atenolol, propranolol, bisoprolol)
- NSAIDs (ibuprofen)
3
Q
What are two examples of drugs that suppress respiration
A
- Opioids (morphine)
- Benzodiazepines (diazepam)
4
Q
What is an example of a drug that can cause interstitial lung disease
A
Amiodarone (an anti-arrhythmic drug).
5
Q
How is bronchospasm brought about by NSAIDs
A
Arachidonic acid is released from phospholipids and is the precursor molecule for both leukotrienes and prostaglandins. NSAIDs block the cyclooxygenase pathway which produces prostaglandins so a lot more arachidonic acid goes down the 5-lipoxygenase pathway to produce leukotrienes. Leukotrienes cause bronchoconstriction and increased mucus production (bronchospasm).
