Drugs Used for Treatment of Asthma

Question 1

How does adenosine affect your airways?

Answer 1

causes bronchoconstriction

Question 2

What are the class of drugs that are used for treatment of acute bronchoconstriction and in prophylaxis of exercise induced asthma? (Also name some drugs in this class)

Answer 2

Beta 2 selective drugs (albuterol, metaproterenol, terbutaline)

Question 3

What are some longer acting Beta 2 agonist drug names? (LABA drugs)

Answer 3

salmeterol

Question 4

Indication for LABA drugs?

Answer 4

prophylaxis only

Question 5

What is the indication of using muscarinic receptor blockers over SABA and LABA?

Answer 5

COPD and safer than B agonists in patients with CVS disease

DOC for bronchospasm caused by B blockers

Question 6

MOA of theophylline in causing bronchodilation?

Answer 6

bronchodilates via inhibition of PDE > ^cAMP and also by antagonism of adenosine (a bronchoconstrictor)

Question 7

Indications for theophylline?

Answer 7

adjunctive

aminophylline IV sometimes used in bronchospasm or status asthmaticus

Question 8

Important drug interactions to consider with the use of theophylline.

Answer 8

toxicity of this drug is increase with use of erythromycin, cimetidine, and fluoroquinolones

Question 9

MOA cromolyn and nedocromil?

Answer 9

prevent degranulation of pulmonary mast cells and dec. release of histamine, PAF, and LTC4 from inflammatory cells

Question 10

Indication for cromolyn and nedocromil?

Answer 10

prophylactic use

Question 11

The S/E of cromolyn and nedocromil can be circumvented with use of what class of drugs?

Answer 11

B2 agonist

Question 12

What is a risk of using glucocorticoid when treating asthma?

Answer 12

may cause oropharyngeal candidiasis

Question 13

How is oropharyngeal candidiasis from glucocorticoid use prevented?

Answer 13

using spacers and gargling

Question 14

Indications for Prednisone and IV steroids for asthma treatment?

Answer 14

generally reserved for severe acute attacks but glucocorticoids in general are for prophylactic treatment

Question 15

Benefit of using glucocorticoids with B2 agonist.

Answer 15

can prevent the desensitization of B receptors that can occur with overuse of B2 agonist

Question 16

Lukast drugs MOA? (Also name some drugs in the category.

Answer 16

are antagonists at LTD4 receptors

zafirlukast and montelukaast

Question 17

What are the indications for use of zafirlukast?

Answer 17

prophylaxis for many forms of asthma including antigen, exercise, or drug-induced

Question 18

Zileuton MOA?

Answer 18

selective inhibitor of (LOX) lipoxygenases and dec formation of LTs

Question 19

Indications of Zileuton.

Answer 19

used as an adjunct to steroid therapy

Question 20

Roflumilast MOA?

Answer 20

PDE-4 inhibitor that increases cAMP in pro inflammatory cells and decreases inflammation

Question 21

Indications for Roflumilast?

Answer 21

COPD