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Disease in the brain > Drugs treatments > Flashcards

Drugs treatments Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 4 groups of drugs used to treat ADHD?

A
  • Psychostimulants
  • Non-stimulants
  • Recently licenced treatments
  • Glutamatergic targets
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2
Q

What is the action of psychostimulants?

ADHD

A

Bind to DA-transporter (DAT)

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3
Q

What is the action of non-stimulants?

ADHD

A

Noradrealine uptake inhibitor

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4
Q

What are the 3 types of psychostimulants used to treat ADHD?

A
  • Methylphenidate
  • Dexamphetamine
  • Lis-dexamphetamine
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5
Q

Give examples of the following drugs:
* Methylphenidate
* Dexamphetamine
* Lis-dexamphetamine

Psychostimualnts to treat ADHD

A
  • Methylphenidatem = Ritalin tablet
  • Dexamphetamine = Dexedrine & Adderall
  • Lis-dexamphetamine = Vyvance
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6
Q

Name a type of non-psychostimulant used to treat ADHD

A

Atomoxetine

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7
Q

Give an example of Atomoxetine & its action:

ADHD

A

Strettera (slow onset, less addiction?)

A NAT inhibitor

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8
Q

Name some recently licenced treamtents fro ADHD:

A
  • Clonidine & Guanfacine
  • Tricyclic antidepressants (deipramine, imipramine)
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9
Q

What is the action of these drugs?

  • Clonidine & Guanfacine
  • Tricyclic antidepressants (deipramine, imipramine)

Recently licenced treatments for ADHD

A
  • Clonidine & Guanfacine = alpha2 adrenoceptor agonists
  • Tricyclic antidepressants = NAT inhibitor
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10
Q

Name some glutamatergic target medications for ADHD:

A
  • Mematine
  • Fasoracetam
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11
Q

What is the action of these drugs:

  • Mematine
  • Fasoracetam

Glutamaterigc target drugs for ADHD

A
  • Mematine = NMDA receptor antagonist - improve ADHD sympts in patients
  • Fasoracetam = nonselective mGluR activator - showed clinical improvement
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12
Q

What are the 5 pharmacologic treatments used in depression?

A
  • SSRIs
  • Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
  • SNRIs
  • Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor
  • Mirtazapine
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13
Q

Name some SSRIs:

Depression

A
  • Citalopram
  • Fluoxetine
  • Paroxetine
  • Sertraline
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14
Q

What is the action of SSRIs?

Depression

A

Inc synaptic 5-HT levels by inhibiting reuptake

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15
Q

Why are SSRIs often used to treat depression?

Depression

A
  • First line option
  • Favourable side-effects profile
  • Less toxic in OD
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16
Q

Name some Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

Depression

A
  • Amitryptyline
  • Imipramine
17
Q

What is the action of TCAs?

Depression

A

Inc synpatic 5-HT & NA levels by inhibiting reuptake

18
Q

What are the side effects of TCAs?

Depression

A
  • Sedative side effects (H1 antagonism)
  • Anticholinergic side effects (dry mouth, blurred vision)
  • Cardiovascular effects can be fatal in OD
19
Q

Name some SNRIs

Depression

A
  • Venlafaxine
  • Duloxetine
20
Q

What is the action of SNRIs?

Depression

A

Inc synaptic 5-HT & NA levels by inhib reuptake

21
Q

Why are SNRIs used?

Depression

A
  • Suggested more effective than SSRIs
  • But can inc BP
22
Q

Name a noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor

Depression

A

Reboxetine

23
Q

What is the action of Mirtazapine?

Depression

A

Enhances NA & 5-HT release by blocking presynaptic alpha-2 & 5-HT2 receptors that inhibit NA & 5-HT release

24
Q
A
24
Q

What are the side effects of Mirtazapine?

Depression

A

Sedarive side effects (helpful w sleeping difficulties)

25
Q

What are the 3 next-genetation treatments for depression?

Depression

A
  • Ketamine (gluatame NMDA receptor antagonist)
  • Vagal nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression
  • Psychedelics (5-HT2a receptor agonist)
26
Q
A

Disease in the brain (22 decks)

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