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drugs Pulm > drugs to treat asthma and COPD > Flashcards

drugs to treat asthma and COPD Flashcards

1
Q

what are the main goals in asthma management

A

Reduction in impairment

reduction of risk

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2
Q

What are the 2 drug classes for Asthma

A

Anti inflammatory drugs

Bronchodilators

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3
Q

Albuterol MOA, Indications, Adverse effects, Xontraindictions

A

B2 agonist that causes vasodilation
-Short acting beta agonist

Indications:
-asthma, acute bronchitis, COPD, cough

Adverse effects:
-HA, dizziness, insomnia, dry mouth, cough

Contraindictions:
-Paradoxical bronchospasm, Deterioration of asthma, CV effects, Hypersensitivity

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4
Q

Terbutaline MOA, Indications, Cautions, Adverse effects

A

Only B2 agonist that is available subQ injection

Short acting B agonist that prefers B2

indications:
-bronchospasm with asthma, acute bronchitis, emysema for 12 and older

Cautions:

  • Tocolysis
  • not recommended in patients with sulfur allergy

Adverse effects: HA, nausea, tachycardia, and palpitations

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5
Q

Metaproterenol MOA, indications, and Cautions

A

B2 agonist that is short acting

indications:
-bronchial asthma and reversible bronchospasm via COPD and bronchitis

Cautions:

  • can cause a cardiovascular effect
  • paradoxical bronchospasm
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6
Q

Pirbuterol MOA, indications, and cautions

A

Short acting B2 agonist

Indications: prevention in bronchospasm

cautions:
-significant cardiovascular effect in some patients

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7
Q

Levalbuterol MOA, indications, and cautions

A

Short acting B2 agonist

Indications: treatment of bronchospasm in patients 4 or older

Cautions: Life threatening paradoxical bronchospams may occur

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8
Q

Beclomethasone MOA, cautions, indications

A

Inhaled Corticosteroid

indications: maintence treatment of asthma 5 or older

Cautions:

  • adrenal insufficiency related deaths
  • recovery for Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal function
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9
Q

Budesonide MOA, cautions, indications

A

Inhaled Corticosteroid

Indications: treatement of asthma

Cautions: not used for status asthmaticus or other insive episodes of asthma
-hypersensitivity to milk

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10
Q

Ciclesonide MOA, Indications, and Cautions

A

Inhaled Corticosteroid

Indications: maintence treatment of asthma as prophylactic therapy

Cautions:

  • not indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm
  • not recommended in candida albicans infection
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11
Q

Flunisolide MOA, Indications, COntradictions

A

Inhaled corticosteroid

Indications: asthma maintenance treatment
-replacement of oral corticosteroids

Contradictions:
-status asthmaticus or acute intensive episodes

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12
Q

Fluticasone MOA, Indications and Cautions

A

Inhaled Corticosteroid

Maintenance of asthma at 4 years and older

Cautions:

  • not indicated for relief of acute bronchospams
  • Candida albicans infections
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13
Q

Mometasone MOA, Indications, and Cautions

A

Inhaled corticosteroid

Maintenance of asthma as prophylactic therapy

Cautions:

  • not used in status asthmaticus
  • hypersensitivity to milk proteins
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14
Q

Triamcinolone MOA, Indications and cautions

A

Inhaled Corticosteroid

Indications: Maintenance of asthma
-and who need systemic corticosteroid administration

Cautions:

  • not indicatied for relief of acute bronchospasm or status asthmaticus
  • deaths due to adrenal insufficiency
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15
Q

Prednisone MOA, indications and Corticosteroids

A

Oral and Parenteral Corticosteroid

Indications: used as anti inflammatory or immunosuppressive agent
-endocrine conditions

Cautions:

  • lead to hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis suppression
  • Monitor for cushing and hyperglycemia
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16
Q

When to use Oral and parenteral corticosteroids?

A

Combination with short acting beta agonist to treat severe asthma flare ups

17
Q

Fomoterol MOA, indications and Cautions

A

MOA: Long acting beta agonist

Indications: treatment of long term asthma control and maintenance of bronchoconstriction with COPD

Cautions:
-increase risk of asthma related deaths and asthma related hospitals if not given with long term inhaled corticosteroid

18
Q

Salmeterol MOA and indications

A

Long acting Beta 2 agonist

Treatment of asthma 4 and older and prevention of excercise induced bronchospasm in patients

maintenance of bronchospasm in COPD

19
Q

Indacaterol and Vilanterol MOA and indications

A

Long acting B2 agonist

used in breathing problems caused by COPD, chronic bronchitis and emphysema

20
Q

Olodaterol MOA and indications

A

Long acting B2 agonist

Used in long term once daily maintenance bronchodilator treatment of airflow obstruction in patients

21
Q

What must all LABA be given with?

A

Concomitant of a long term asthma control medication such as inhaled corticosteroids

prevent the risk of asthma related deaths and hospitilizations

22
Q

Atropine MOA, Indications and Cautions

A

Anti muscarinic agent that blocks the parasympathetic nerve from causing bronchoconstriction

Indications:
-temporary blockade of severe or life threatening muscarininc effects

Cautions:
-dose restricted to 2-3 mg due to atropine induced tachycardia

23
Q

Ipratropium MOA, indications

A

Anticholinergic drug

bronchodilator for treatment of bronchospasm

-relatively free of systemic atropine like effects

24
Q

Tiotropium MOA, indications

A

Anticholinergic drug

Indicated for the long term once daily maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with COPD

25
Q

Aclidinium MOA, and indications

A

Anticholinergic drug

Indicated for the long term maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with COPD including chronic bronchitis and emphysema

26
Q

What are Methylxanthines MOA

A

Smooth muscle relaxation and suppression of the response of the airways to stimuli (non bronchodilator)
-block PDE?

derived from xanthine

27
Q

Theophylline indications and cautions

A

Used in the treatment of asthma and other lung problems such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis

Methylxanthines

Cautions:
-extreme caution in patients with peptic ulcer disease, seizure disorders and cardiac arrhythmias

28
Q

Montelukast MOA, indications and cautions

A

Leukotiene antagonist: binds CysLT1 receptor
-inhibits LTD4

Indications:
-treat allergies and prevent asthma attacks

Cautions:
-Not indicated for use of reversal of bronchospasm of acute asthma attacks

29
Q

Zafirlukast MOA, indications and cautions

A

Leukotriene antagonist,
-LTD4 and LTE4

Indications:
-prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma

Cautions:
-Hepatotoxicity

30
Q

Zileuton MOA, Indications, and cautions

A

Leukotriene antagonist by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase and inhibits (LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) formation

Indications:
-prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma

Cautions:
-acute liver disease not recommended

31
Q

Omalizumab MOA, Indications, and cautions

A

Anti IgE antibody

Indications:

  • indicated for moderate to severe persistent asthma in patients 6 years and older with a positive skin test or in vitro reactivity to a perennial aeroallergen
  • also for chronic idiopathic urticaria

Cautions:
-anaphylaxis

drugs Pulm (6 decks)

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