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Cell Pathology 1 (Pharmacology) - 2016 > Drugs to Know > Flashcards

Drugs to Know Flashcards

1
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Muscarinic agonist; Used to stimulate miosis in surgery

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2
Q

Albuterol

A

B2 agonist/sympathomimetic;

Bronchodilation; used in inhalers

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3
Q

Alpha-methyl DOPA

A

a2 agonist/central sympatholytic; Blocks dopamine decarboxylase

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4
Q

Alpha-methyltyrosine

A

Sympatholytic; Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor

Lowers catecholamine synthesis

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5
Q

Amphetamine

A

Indirect sympathomimetic; increase NE concentration in cleft by releasing NE from synaptic nerve varicosities. May be used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy

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6
Q

Atracurium

A

Nicotinic antagonist;

Used as a non-depolarizing competitive neuromuscular block; medium-acting!

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7
Q

Atropine

A

Muscarinic antagonist;

Competitive inhibitor

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8
Q

Bethanecol

A

Muscarinic agonist;

Post-operative pseudo obstruction of urinary bladder

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9
Q

Carbachol

A

Muscarinic agonist;

Used in eye drops – sustained miosis

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10
Q

Clonidine

A

A2 agonist;

Central-acting sympatholytic

Treats high BP

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11
Q

Cocaine

A

Inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine; raises NE in synaptic cleft

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12
Q

Diazepam

A

Benzodiazepine; anxiolytic, anti-epileptic

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13
Q

Dopamine (& receptor affinity)

A

Endogenous catecholamine; mixed sympathomimetic (affinity: D>B1>a1)

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14
Q

Edrophonium

A

AChE inhibitor; indirect cholinergic agonist; Used to diagnose myasthenia gravis

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15
Q

Ephedrine

A

Mixed sympathomimetic; increases NE release; raises BP post surgery

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16
Q

Epinephrine (and receptor affinity)

A

Endogenous catecholamine;

Affinity for B1>B2>a1>a2;

Used for anaphylactic shock; delays absorption of local anesthetics

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17
Q

Flumazenil

A

Reversal of benzodiazepine overdose

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18
Q

Gantacurium

A

Nicotinic antagonist; used as a non-depolarizing agent; lowers BP and causes bronchoconstriction and flushing

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19
Q

Glycopyrrolate

A

Muscarinic antagonist; reduces salivation; reverses effects of neostigmine

20
Q

Ipratropium

A

Muscarinic antagonist;

Used in inhalers for COPD

21
Q

Guanethidine

A

Adrenergic nerve terminal blocker;

Anti-hypertensive

22
Q

Isoproterenol

A

Synthetic non-selective B-adrenergic agonist;

Affinity for B1/B2;

widens systolic and diastolic BP

23
Q

Lidocaine

A

Blocks Na+ channel conductance and depolarization;

Local anesthetic

24
Q

Methacholine

A

Muscarinic agonist;

Used to test for asthma/airway problems

25
Q

Modafinil

A

A1 agonist; used to treat narcolepsy

26
Q

Muscarine

A

Naturally occurring non-selective muscarinic agonist;

present in mushrooms

27
Q

Neostigmine

A

AChE inhibitor;

Used to remove NMJ blockers from surgery

28
Q

Organophosphates

A

AChE inhibitor; indirect cholinergic agonist;

present in insecticides and pesticides

29
Q

Pancuronium

A

Nicotinic antagonist;

used as a non-depolarizing competitive neuromuscular block; long-acting!

30
Q

Norephinephrine (and affinity?)

A

Endogenous catecholamine;

Affinity for B1>a1>a2

31
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Barbituate; treats epilepsy, anxiety, sleep disorders

32
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Alpha-1 agonist, used as ocular and nasal vasoconstrictor or as decongestant

33
Q

2-PAM, Pralidoxime

A

Restores AChE (oxime); Reverses effect of AChE inhibitors

34
Q

Physostigmine

A

AChE inhibitor;

indirect cholinergic agonist;

reverses effect of delirium/coma

35
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

AChE inhibitor; indirect cholinergic agonist;

Used for treatment of myasthenia gravis

36
Q

Reserpine

A

Adrenergic nerve terminal blocker;

Inhibits catecholamine storage;

Anti-hypertensive

37
Q

Prazosin

A

A1 antagonist;

Used for PTSD, hypertension, anxiety

38
Q

Scopolamine

A

Muscarinic antagonist;

Treats motion sickness;

dilation of pupils during surgery

39
Q

Succinylcholine

A

Nicotinic receptor agonist that is resistant to AChE mediated breakdown;

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent;

useful in tracheal intubation - rapid onset of paralysis and short-acting!

40
Q

Terbutaline

A

B2 agonist;

Bronchodilation (used for asthma);

used to prevent uterine contractions in pre-term labor

41
Q

Tyramine

A

Increases NE; indirect sympathomimetic;

INTERACTS with MAO-Is! Present in cheeeeeeez

42
Q

Tolterodine

A

Muscarinic antagonist; helps retain urine

43
Q

Tropicamide

A

Synthetic muscarinic antagonist;

short-acting eye muscle paralysis for opthalmic diagnostics and surgery

44
Q

TCAs

A

inhibit NE reuptake;

treat depression

45
Q

COMT-inhibitors

A

treats Parkinson’s disease

46
Q

Talmulosin

A

A1 antagonist;

sympatholytic;

treats benign prostatic hypertension

Cell Pathology 1 (Pharmacology) - 2016 (10 decks)

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