Drugs to Know

Question 1

Acetylcholine

Answer 1

Muscarinic agonist; Used to stimulate miosis in surgery

Question 2

Albuterol

Answer 2

B2 agonist/sympathomimetic;

Bronchodilation; used in inhalers

Question 3

Alpha-methyl DOPA

Answer 3

a2 agonist/central sympatholytic; Blocks dopamine decarboxylase

Question 4

Alpha-methyltyrosine

Answer 4

Sympatholytic; Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor

Lowers catecholamine synthesis

Question 5

Amphetamine

Answer 5

Indirect sympathomimetic; increase NE concentration in cleft by releasing NE from synaptic nerve varicosities. May be used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy

Question 6

Atracurium

Answer 6

Nicotinic antagonist;

Used as a non-depolarizing competitive neuromuscular block; medium-acting!

Question 7

Atropine

Answer 7

Muscarinic antagonist;

Competitive inhibitor

Question 8

Bethanecol

Answer 8

Muscarinic agonist;

Post-operative pseudo obstruction of urinary bladder

Question 9

Carbachol

Answer 9

Muscarinic agonist;

Used in eye drops – sustained miosis

Question 10

Clonidine

Answer 10

A2 agonist;

Central-acting sympatholytic

Treats high BP

Question 11

Cocaine

Answer 11

Inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine; raises NE in synaptic cleft

Question 12

Diazepam

Answer 12

Benzodiazepine; anxiolytic, anti-epileptic

Question 13

Dopamine (& receptor affinity)

Answer 13

Endogenous catecholamine; mixed sympathomimetic (affinity: D>B1>a1)

Question 14

Edrophonium

Answer 14

AChE inhibitor; indirect cholinergic agonist; Used to diagnose myasthenia gravis

Question 15

Ephedrine

Answer 15

Mixed sympathomimetic; increases NE release; raises BP post surgery

Question 16

Epinephrine (and receptor affinity)

Answer 16

Endogenous catecholamine;

Affinity for B1>B2>a1>a2;

Used for anaphylactic shock; delays absorption of local anesthetics

Question 17

Flumazenil

Answer 17

Reversal of benzodiazepine overdose

Question 18

Gantacurium

Answer 18

Nicotinic antagonist; used as a non-depolarizing agent; lowers BP and causes bronchoconstriction and flushing

Question 19

Glycopyrrolate

Answer 19

Muscarinic antagonist; reduces salivation; reverses effects of neostigmine

Question 20

Ipratropium

Answer 20

Muscarinic antagonist;

Used in inhalers for COPD

Question 21

Guanethidine

Answer 21

Adrenergic nerve terminal blocker;

Anti-hypertensive

Question 22

Isoproterenol

Answer 22

Synthetic non-selective B-adrenergic agonist;

Affinity for B1/B2;

widens systolic and diastolic BP

Question 23

Lidocaine

Answer 23

Blocks Na+ channel conductance and depolarization;

Local anesthetic

Question 24

Methacholine

Answer 24

Muscarinic agonist;

Used to test for asthma/airway problems

Question 25

Modafinil

Answer 25

A1 agonist; used to treat narcolepsy

Question 26

Muscarine

Answer 26

Naturally occurring non-selective muscarinic agonist; present in mushrooms

Question 27

Neostigmine

Answer 27

AChE inhibitor; Used to remove NMJ blockers from surgery

Question 28

Organophosphates

Answer 28

AChE inhibitor; indirect cholinergic agonist; present in insecticides and pesticides

Question 29

Pancuronium

Answer 29

Nicotinic antagonist; used as a non-depolarizing competitive neuromuscular block; long-acting!

Question 30

Norephinephrine (and affinity?)

Answer 30

Endogenous catecholamine; Affinity for B1\>a1\>a2

Question 31

Phenobarbital

Answer 31

Barbituate; treats epilepsy, anxiety, sleep disorders

Question 32

Phenylephrine

Answer 32

Alpha-1 agonist, used as ocular and nasal vasoconstrictor or as decongestant

Question 33

2-PAM, Pralidoxime

Answer 33

Restores AChE (oxime); Reverses effect of AChE inhibitors

Question 34

Physostigmine

Answer 34

AChE inhibitor; indirect cholinergic agonist; reverses effect of delirium/coma

Question 35

Pyridostigmine

Answer 35

AChE inhibitor; indirect cholinergic agonist; Used for treatment of myasthenia gravis

Question 36

Reserpine

Answer 36

Adrenergic nerve terminal blocker; Inhibits catecholamine storage; Anti-hypertensive

Question 37

Prazosin

Answer 37

A1 antagonist; Used for PTSD, hypertension, anxiety

Question 38

Scopolamine

Answer 38

Muscarinic antagonist; Treats motion sickness; dilation of pupils during surgery

Question 39

Succinylcholine

Answer 39

Nicotinic receptor agonist that is resistant to AChE mediated breakdown; Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent; useful in tracheal intubation - rapid onset of paralysis and short-acting!

Question 40

Terbutaline

Answer 40

B2 agonist; Bronchodilation (used for asthma); used to prevent uterine contractions in pre-term labor

Question 41

Tyramine

Answer 41

Increases NE; indirect sympathomimetic; INTERACTS with MAO-Is! Present in cheeeeeeez

Question 42

Tolterodine

Answer 42

Muscarinic antagonist; helps retain urine

Question 43

Tropicamide

Answer 43

Synthetic muscarinic antagonist; short-acting eye muscle paralysis for opthalmic diagnostics and surgery

Question 44

TCAs

Answer 44

inhibit NE reuptake; treat depression

Question 45

COMT-inhibitors

Answer 45

treats Parkinson's disease

Question 46

Talmulosin

Answer 46

A1 antagonist; sympatholytic; treats **b****enign prostatic hypertension**