Drugs on Exam 1

Question 1

Acetylcholine

Answer 1

Muscarinic and Nicotinic Receptor Agonists

Used to treat conditions such as Myasthenia gravis and Alzhiemers disease

Question 2

Bethanechol

Answer 2

Direct Muscarinic Receptor Agonist

Treats Urinary retention / paralytic ileus
Is a direct-acting cholinergic agonist
Is a choline ester that exerts minimal effects in the CNS Has greater affinity for muscarinic receptors than
nicotinic receptor
Causes SLUDGE in overdose

Question 3

Pilocarpine

Answer 3

Direct Muscarinic Receptor Agonist

Treatment for Glaucoma and Xerostomia

Question 4

Nicotine

Answer 4

Nicotinic Receptor Agonist

Overdose can cause can cause convulsions, respiratory paralysis, hypertension, arrhythmias (nicotinic ganglia and neuromuscular junction receptor effects)

Question 5

Atropine

Answer 5

Direct Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist

Treatment of acute, severe bradycardia in coronary care unit
Treatment to reduce salivary and bronchial secretions

Antidote for SLUDGE

Question 6

Physostigmine

Answer 6

Slowly reversible Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor

Treatment of antimuscarinic (e.g., atropine, tricyclic antidepressants) drug intoxication
ENTERS CNS

Question 7

Neostigmine

Answer 7

Slowly reversible Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor
(Indirect Cholinergic Agonist)

Used as a treatment for Myasthenia gravis

Rapid reversal of neuromuscular blockade (paralysis) produced by nondepolarizing blockers to shorten post-op recovery time following surgical procedures

Treats Urinary retention / paralytic ileus

Question 8

Edrophonium

Answer 8

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor
(Indirect Cholinergic Agonist)

Used as a treatment for Myasthenia gravis

Rapid reversal of neuromuscular blockade (paralysis) produced by nondepolarizing blockers to shorten post-op recovery time following surgical procedures

Question 9

Organophosphates

Answer 9

Irreversible Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor
(Indirect Cholinergic Agonist)

SLUDGE effects

Question 10

Pralidoxime

Answer 10

Parasympathetic Nervous System Drug

Cholinesterase reactivator (antidote for organophosphate poisoning)

Question 11

Epinephrine

Answer 11

Adrenergic Agonist
α 1, α2, β1, β2 (nonselective)

• Local vasoconstriction in local anesthetic solution
• Helps treat Anaphylaxis
• Vasopressor action -elevation of blood pressure mediated via α1 / β1 actions
• Treats Cardiogenic shock / acute heart failure / bradyarrhythmias

Question 12

Norepinephrine

Answer 12

Adrenergic Agonist
α1, α2, β1

*Vasopressor action -elevation of blood pressure mediated via α1 / β1 actions

Question 13

Dopamine

Answer 13

Adrenergic Agonist
D1-D2 direct agonist plus indirect agonists (releasers)

Relaxes renal vasuclature

Treat Cardiogenic shock / acute heart failure / bradyarrhythmias

Question 14

Botulinum toxin

Answer 14

Inhibits acetylcholine release (synaptobrevin-synaxin-SNAP 25) at NMJ

Question 15

Atacurium (Curare)

Answer 15

NMJ competitive blocker (non-depolarizing):

Question 16

Rocuronium (Curare)

Answer 16

NMJ competitive blocker (non-depolarizing), steroid derivative

Question 17

Succinylcholine

Answer 17

NMJ depolarizing blocker

Question 18

What is SLUDGE?

Answer 18

A side effect of Muscarinic receptor agonists WITHIN THERAPEUTIC RANGE

S-Salivation
L-Lacrimation
U-Urination
D-Defecation
G-GI → cramping, emesis
E-Eye → miosis

Question 19

What are as anticholinergic or antimuscarinic side effects (therapeutic doses)

Answer 19

No pee
No see
No spit
No shit

Question 20

What is DUMBBELS?

Answer 20

Adverse reactions of muscarinic Agonists

D- Defecation 
U- Urination 
M- Miosis
B- Bradycardia
B- Bronchospasm 
E- Emesis
L- Lacrimation 
S- Salivation

Question 21

What is MATCH?

Answer 21

Nicotinic Receptor mediated lethal exposure

M- muscle weakness [Nm]
A- adrenal medulla activity increases [Nn]
T- tachycardia [Nn]
C- cramping of skeletal muscle [Nm]
H- hypertension [Nn]