Drugs of Abuse DSA Flashcards
opioid R antagonist
- Naloxone
- Naltrexone
synthetic opioid
-methadone
partial u-opioid R agonist
Buprenorphine
nicotinic R partial agonist
-varenicline
benzodiazepines
- oxazepam
- lorazepam
NMDA R antagonist
-Acamprosate
dopamine hypothesis of addiction
(DA reward pathway)
-drugs act the mesolimbic DA system- release DA
nonaddictive drugs of abuse
- LSD, mescaline, psilocybin
- PCP, ketamine
drugs that act Gio-coupled R’s
cause disinhibition of DA neurons
- opioids
- cannabinoids
- GHB
opioids- moa
-inhibition of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons- disinhibition of dopamine neurons
opioids- tx
- naloxone- opioid antagonist (within minutes)
- methadone, buprenorphine- long-acting opioids used for substitution therapy
cannabinoids- moa
- THC- disinhibition of DA neurons by presynaptic inhibition of GABA neurons in VTA
- CBD, CBN
GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric acid)- moa
- produced during the metabolism of GABA
- act GABAb R
- liquid ecstasy or date rape drug
drugs that mediate their effects via ionotropic Rs
- nicotine
- benzodiazepines and barbiturates
- alcohol
- inhalants
Nicotine- moa
- agonist of nACHR
- neuronal nACHRs are expressed on DA neurons in VTA- activation fulfills the DA requirement of addictive drugs
nicotine- tx
- nicotine
- bupropion- antidepressant
- varenicline- partial neuronal nACHR agonist
drugs that bind to transporters of biogenic amines
(DAT, NET, VMAT, SERT)
- cocaine
- amphetamines
- ecstasy
cocaine- moa
- PNS- inhibits voltage-gated Na channels
- blocks DAT- inc DA conc in NA
- blocks NET- act SNS
amphetamines- moa
- causes release of endogenous biogenic amines by reversing the action of biogenic amine transporters at the plasma memb
- taken up into the cell by DAT
- block intracellular VMAT- deplete synaptic vesicles of their nt content- causes DA, serotonin, NE to inc in cytoplasm- released into synapse
