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Drugs of Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

List 5 drugs of OPIOIDS class

A
  1. Heroin*
  2. Morphine
  3. Fentanyl
  4. Oxycodone
  5. Hydrocodone
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2
Q

*List 8 drugs of BENZODIAZEPINES

A
  1. Diazepam
  2. Midazolam
  3. Lorazepam
  4. Alprazolam
  5. Flurazepam
  6. Oxazepam
  7. Triazolam
  8. Temazepam

Note: All end with “am”

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3
Q

*List 2 drugs of BARBITURATES

A
  1. Pentobarbital

2. Phenobarbital*

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4
Q

*List 3 categories (ctg) of CNS Depressant

A
  1. Ethanol
  2. Benzodiazepine
  3. Barbiturate
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5
Q

*List 3 ctg of CNS Stimulants

A
  1. Cocaine
  2. Amphetamine/Methylphenidate/Methamphetamine
  3. Nicotine
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6
Q

List 2 ctg of Hallucinogens

A
  1. Indoleamine

2 Phenylethylamine

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7
Q

List 3 drugs of INDOLEAMINES

A
  1. LSD
  2. Psilocybin
  3. Bufotenine
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8
Q

List 2 drugs of PHENYLETHYLAMINE

A
  1. MDMA

2. Mescaline

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9
Q

Most representative drug of class DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHETICS

A

Phencyclidine

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10
Q

Give 1 example of CANNABINOIDS class

A

Marijuana

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11
Q

MoA of OPIOIDS

A

Agonist at mu-opioid receptors

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12
Q

Effect of OPIOIDS (2)

A
  1. Euphoria

2. Sedation

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13
Q

Acute Toxicity of OPIOIDS (3)

A
  1. Respiratory depression
  2. Miosis
  3. Coma
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14
Q

3 life-threatening effect of OPIODS toxicity

A
  1. Death
  2. Arrhythmias
  3. Convulsion
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15
Q

Treatment for OPIOIDS toxicity

A

Naloxone (IV/SC)

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16
Q

Tolerance for OPIOIDS

A
  1. Develop rapidly (up 100x increase)

2. NO develop constipation or miosis

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17
Q

Dependence of OPIOIDS

A

Develop rapidly

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18
Q

Withdrawal of OPIOIDS is life-threatening (T/F)

A

False

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19
Q

Treatment for OPIOIDS withdrawal

A
  1. Clonidine (decrease SNS signs)

2. Methadone (via cross-dependence)

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20
Q

6 Symptoms can be seen with OPIOID withdrawal

A
  1. Insomia
  2. increase HR
  3. Increase BP
  4. Diarrhea
  5. Muscle aches
  6. Cramps
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21
Q

Effects of CNS Depressant (3)

A
  1. Anxiolysis
  2. Sedation
  3. Loss of inhibition
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22
Q

*Toxicity of CNS Depressant

A
  1. RR depression

2. Coma –> death!!

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23
Q

*Acute Toxicity rarely seen with which type of CNS Depressant drug?

A

BDZs (require presence of GABA)

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24
Q

*Tolerance of CNS Depressant

A
  1. rapid to barbiturate > ethanol

2. significant to sedation-intoxication, less lethal dose

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25
*Withdrawal risk of CNS Depressant
Seizure --> Death!!
26
*Treatment of CNS Depressant Withdrawal
Substitute to BDZ --> dose taper to prevent seizure
27
*ETHANOL and BARBITURATE MoA (2)
1. Facilitate GABA fxn | 2. Inhibit Glu-NMDA fxn
28
*BDZs MoA
Facilitate GABA fxn
29
*Treatment ETHANOL Toxicity
Supportive + Fluid-Thiamine-Electrolytes
30
*Treatment BDZs Toxicity | RARE!! unless combine with other CNS Depressant
Flumazenil
31
*Treatment Barbiturate Toxicity
Supportive
32
What is the use of following in Withdrawal treatment of BDZs 1. Buspirone 2. *Carbamazepine, *Phenobarbital
1. Buspirone for anxiety | 2. *Carbamazepine, Phenobarbital for anticonvulsant
33
*Treatments for ALCOHOL relapse? (2)
1. Disulfiram | 2. Naltrexone
34
*MoA of Disulfiram in reducing alcohol consumption
Alcohol sensitizing drugs
35
*MoA of Naltrexone in reducing alcohol consumption
(Opioid antagonist) Reduce alcohol craving, consumption and relapse rate Use in combination with psychotheraphy
36
* Stages of ETHANOL withdrawal 1. 6-48 hrs 2. 12-48 hrs 3. 48-96 hrs
1. Seizure (6-48 hrs) 2. Visual hallucination (12-48 hrs) 3. Delirium (48-96 hrs)
37
*MoA of Cocaine
inhibits monoamine reuptake transporter
38
*MoA of Amphetamine/Methamphetamine
stimulate monoamine release
39
*Effects of COCAINE and AMPHETAMINE/METHAMPHETAMINE (4)
1. Euphoria 2. Decrease fatigue 3. Increase arousal and confidence 4. Appetite suppression
40
*Acute toxicity of COCAINE and AMPHETAMINE/METHAMPHETAMINE (5) Hint: heart problem
SNS overactivity with 1. Dilated pupils 2. increase BP 3. increase HR 4. Seizure 5. MI
41
*Treatment for COCAINE and AMPHETAMINE/METHAMPHETAMINE acute toxicity (3)
1. Cardiovascular support 2. Vasodilator for BP 3. BDZs for agitation/seizure
42
*Tolerance of COCAINE and AMPHETAMINE/METHAMPHETAMINE (4)
Tolerance to: 1. Euphoria 2. Anorexia 3. Hyperthermia 4. Supersensitivity to paranoia
43
*Withdrawal of COCAINE and AMPHETAMINE/METHAMPHETAMINE (5)
1. Depression 2. Sleepiness 3. Fatigue 4. Hyperphagia (abnormal increase appetite) 5. Craving
44
*Dependence of COCAINE and AMPHETAMINE/METHAMPHETAMINE
Arguable due to lack obvious physiological symptoms
45
*Treatment of COCAINE and AMPHETAMINE/METHAMPHETAMINE Withdrawal
Behavioral
46
*MoA of Nicotine
Nicotinic cholinergic receptor Agonist
47
*Effect of Nicotine
increase alertness
48
*Acute toxicity of Nicotine (5) | Rare unless ingestion
1. Nausea & vomiting 2. Diarrhea 3. Hypotension 4. Difficult breathing 5. Convulsion --> DEATH!!
49
*Treatment for Nicotine Toxicity (4)
1. CVP support 2. emetics 3. gastric lavage 4. charcoal
50
* Tolerance to Nicotine (2)
Tolerance to 1. Subjective effects 2. Nausea
51
* Dependence of Nicotine
Moderate development
52
* Withdrawal of Nicotine (5)
1. Irritability 2. Hostility 3. Anxiety 4. increase appetite 5. Weight gain
53
* Treatment for Nicotine relapse
1. Nicotine replacement AND 2. Bupropion OR varenicline
54
* Bupropion MoA
NDRI
55
* Marijuana MoA
agonist at cannabinoid receptor - CB1
56
* Marijuana Effect (3)
1. Euphoria 2. Mellowness 3. Changes in perception, mood, motivation
57
* Acute Toxicity of Marijuana (3)
1. Impaired coordination 2. tracking behavior 3. acute psychosis
58
* Marijuana Tolerance
Tolerance develops rapidly, disappears rapidly
59
* Marijuana Dependence
Abuse potential = moderate
60
* Marijuana Withdrawal
No clinically significant due to long half-life
61
* Symptoms seen with Marijuana Withdrawal (4) | following chronic high doses
1. Malaise 2. Headache 3. Anxiety 4. Nausea
62
* Treatment for Marijuana Withdrawal
Usually NOT needed

Neuro IV (4 decks)

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