Drugs Inhibiting PAN Flashcards
Non selective blockers
Act on m1 m2 and m3
Atropine
Scopolamine
Selective antagonists
Atropine substitutes
Therapeutic uses of atropine
Bradycardia and heart block
Pre anesthesia medication to dec secretion and protect heart from bradycardia
Antidote to OPCs
Prevent unwanted muscarinic effects with anticholinestrases
What is used with atropine to treat diarrhea
Diphenoxylate
What is scopolamine used for
Prevention of motion sickness
Transdermal patch up to 72 hours
Pre anesthesia for amnesic sedative and antiemetic effects
What are atropine substitutes used for
Selectively antagonizing muscarinic effects on eye bronchi and GIT as well as urinary tracts or within CNS
In eye: for cycloplegic or mydriatic effect
Fundus examination
Measurement of refractive errors
Iritis to prevent adhesions between cornea and lens and relieve pain due to ciliary muscle spasm
What are used topically as eye drops
Tropicamide: fundus examination(6 hours)
Cylopentolate: iritis(24 hours)
Shorter lasting that atropine (7-10 days)
What is preferred for short term mydriasis without cycloplegia
Phenylephrine
Used for intestinal colic
Hyoscine butyl bromide
Used in urinary disorders
Solifenacin (m3 selective antagonist)
Used in respiratory disease for bronchodilation
Inhalation: ipratropium in bronchia asthma
Or
Tiotropium in COPD
Used for Parkinson’s
Benztropine
Adverse effects and toxicity
Especially with atropine and scopolamine: 1-dry mouth and blurring 2-urine retention 3-increased IOP 4-tachycardia 5-atropine fever and atropine flush 6-agitation and coma
Contraindications and precautions
1-patients with glaucoma
2-patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia
3- using other drugs such as antihistamines antidepressants and antipsychotics
