drugs given for what (adult) Flashcards
convert narrow complex tach to sinus rhythm (SVT)
Adenosine
6mg 1st
12mg 2nd
Tx of bronchospasm in COPD / Asthma
Albuterol
2.5 mg with 2.5 ml NaCl Nebulized
max dose of 2 Tx’s
SVT, V Tach with normal QT interval, VF or VT
without a pulse
Amiodarone
Pulseless VF VT (Dead man’s Dose) 300mg’s IV / IO 2nd
dose 150 mg’s IV/IO.
Other indications 150 mg’s IV/IO over 10
mins may repeat every 10 mins as needed. After conversion hang a drip
chest pain
Aspirin
160-325 mgs
Unstable bradycardia, Organophosphate poisoning,
nerve agent poisoning, RSI in peds, beta-blocker or calcium channel blocker OD
Atropine
Brady or Blocks–0.5mg–1mg, may repeat q 3-5 min to max dose of 3mg
Organo–2mg-4mg or higher maybe needed
Pulmonary Edema, heart failure
Bumetanide
0.5-1mg
Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia, Hypomagnesemia, beta blocker and calcium channel blocker toxicity
Calcium chloride
500-1000 repeat as needed
Hypoglycemia, Altered LOC, Coma of unknown origin, seizure / status epilepticus
Dextrose
25 grams slow IVP 50% dextrose may be repeated as
necessary
anxiety, ETOH withdraws, muscle relaxant, seizure,
medical procedure sedation, intubation sedation
Valium/Diazepam
Seizures-5mg IV over 5 mins or IO 10 mg
Anxiety–2-10mg IV/IM
Premedication for Cardioversion–5-15mg over 5 mins, 10 mins prior to cardioversion
stable narrow complex tachycardia, A Fib or A Flutter
Diltiazem/cardizem
Initial dose
0.25 mg/kg IV over 2 mins
This may be repeated in 15 minutes @ 0.35 mg/kg IV
Symptomatic relief of allergies, allergic reactions, and
anaphylaxis
Diphenhydramine
25-50mg IV/IM/IO/PO
Cardiogenic and Septic shock, hypotension with low
cardiac output, Disruptive shock, 2nd line drug for bradycardia
Dopamine
5-20mcg/kg/min titrate to effect
Cardiac arrest (asystole, PEA, VF and Pulseless VT) symptomatic bradycardia as an alternate infusion to Dopamine, hypotension from shock, allergic reaction, anaphylaxis, asthma
epinephrine
Anaphylaxis or asthma 0.3–0.5 mg of 1:1000
For cardiac arrest 1mg of 1:10,000 every 3-5 mins
For continued refractory hypotension/bradycardia administer epinephrine infusion at 2-10 mcg/minute IV/IO
RSI
Nonbarbituate hypnotic, anesthesia induction agent
etomidate/amidate
0.2-0.6 mg/kg iv
Pain management, anesthesia adjunct
Fentanyl
50–100 mcg (1 mcg/kg) IV/IO slow push up to 2 mins.
Max dose 150 mcg. IN is rapid push
Heart failure, pulmonary edema, hypertensive crisis
Furosemide/lasix
0.5-1 mg/kg IV over 1-2 mins if no response double the
dose to 2 mg/kg
Altered LOC when hypoglycemia is
suspected, may be used as a reversal agent in beta blocker and calcium channel blocker overdose
Glucagon
1mg IM/IN
Persistent bronchospasms, COPD exacerbation
Ipratropium/atrovent
adult and pediatric 250-500 mcg neb with a max of 3 times
Excited delirium, pain management, procedural sedation
Ketamine
adult and pediatric 1-2 mg/kg IVP over 1-2 minutes
Moderate to severe hypertension
labetalol
10 mg IVP over 1-2 mins may repeat or double every 10 mins to a max of 150 mg
Tx of acute bronchospasms in COPD and asthma pts
Levalbuterol/Xopenex
1.25–2.5 mg in 3 ml via Neb
Alternative to Amiodarone in cardiac arrest, also
used as anesthetic in minor procedures
Lidocaine
Pulseless VF /VT 1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO repeat dose 0.5-0.75mg/kg IV/IO with a max dose of 3 mg/kg
Drip 1-4 mg/min in Cardiac arrest conversion or Stable VT and wide complex Tachycardia
Initial status epilepticus, severe anxiety,
sedation, chemical restraint
Lorazepam/ativan
Anxiety / Sedation 2 mg IV or 4 mg IM. For seizures 0.1
mg/kg IV max dose of 4 mgs
Seizures of Eclampsia, torsades de pointes, hypomagnesemia,
Pulseless VF /VT that is refractory to amiodarone, severe status asthmaticus, and severe bronchospasm
Magnesium sulfate
Polymorphic VT or Torsades de Pointes 1-2G in a 100 cc bag IV/IO over 5-20 minutes.
Wheezing–1-2G in 100 ml bag NSS IV/IO over 15-30 minutes.
For seizure associated with eclampsia 1-4 g in a 100 cc bag over 10 mins max dose of 30-40 g / day
Anaphylaxis, bronchodilator for unresponsive asthma
Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate / Solu-medrol
1-2 mg/kg in adult and pediatrics
Seizures, RSI, Chemical restraint
Midazolam/Versed
Seizures 0.2 mg/kg IM/IN max of 10 mg or 0.1 mg /kg IV max of 4 mg
Sedation 0.5–2.5 mg max of 0.1 mg/kg
Chemical restraint 5 mg IV/IM/IN
Severe heart failure, acute cardiogenic pulmonary
edema, CP associated with MI, analgesic for acute or chronic pain
Morphine sulfate
2–4mg IV may repeat 2–8 mg max of 10 mg
Opiate overdose, decreased LOC, coma of unknown
origin
Naloxone/Narcan
0.4-2 mg IM/IV/IO
acute angina, ischemic chest pain, hypertension,
heart failure, pulmonary edema
Nitroglycerin
0.4 mg SL may repeat every 3-5 mins for a max dose of 3 doses.
Paste ½ inch–¾ inch (15-30 mg) Transdermal to chest
Prevention and control of N/V
Ondansetron/Zofran
4mg IV/IM/PO/SL may repeat once in 10 mins
Conscious pts with suspected hypoglycemia
Oral Glucose / Insta-Glucose
25G PO
N/V, motion sickness, sedation for pts in labor
Promethazine / Phenergan
12.5–25 mg IV / deep IM
Anesthesia induction, Anesthesia maintenance,
sedation for mechanically ventilated pts
Propofol/diprivan
1.5-3 mg/kg
Metabolic acidosis during cardiac arrest, trycyclic antidepressant, aspirin and Phenobarbital overdoses, hyperkalemia, crush injuries
Sodium Bicarbonate
1meq/kg slow IVP/IO may repeat every 10 mins at 0.5meq/kg
RSI
(neuromuscular blocker-depolarizing skeletal muscle
relaxant)
Succinylcholine
1–2 mg/kg rapid IVP repeat once if needed
*May be repeated in 5 min on adult and adolescent ONLY
*Do Not repeat dose in infants
May result in refractory brady or asystole
RSI
Neuromuscular blocker
Vecuronium
0.1-0.2 mg/kg
