Drugs for Viral Infections

Question 1

Acyclovir (Zovirax)

Valacyclovir (Valtrex)

Answer 1

to treat HSV-2, varicella zoster
oral, topical, IV
SE:
- phlebitis and inlfammation @ site of infusion
–> admin over 1 hour, slowly
- nephrotoxicity
—> prehydrate and continue hydration to flush kidneys
—> don’t give other nephrotoxic drugs (vancomycin, gentamycin - antibiotics)
- mild discomfort associated w/oral therapy (nausea, headache, diarrhea)
- gingival hyperplasia
- suppresses bone marrow (↓ WBC)
–> ⇡ risk of infection

Question 2

Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
- MOAs

Answer 2

• inhibit viral replication by suppressing synthesis of viral DNA
• can’t cure, but shortens length of sore or intensity

Question 3

Patient education about topical admin

Answer 3

use gloves to admin