Drugs for herpesvirus

Question 1

Drugs for herpesvirus infection (2 groups)

Answer 1

Nucleoside analogues

1 pyrophosphate derivative

Question 2

Nucleoside analogues (8 drugs)

Answer 2

Acyclovir
Famciclovir
Valacyclovir
Panciclovir
Ganciclovir
Valganciclovir
Cidofovir
Trifluridine

Question 3

Only drug used for herpetic encephalitis and chickenpox

Answer 3

Acyclovir

Question 4

Drugs used for herpetic kertaoconjunctivitis (2 drugs)

Answer 4

Ganciclovir

Trifluridine

Question 5

Acyclovir - MOA

Answer 5

Incorporated into nascent viral DNA. Cause DNA chain termination
Does not eliminate the virus

Question 6

Drug that may cause phlebitis, and when does this occur?

Answer 6

Acyclovir, when given IV

Question 7

Ganciclovir - interactions

Answer 7

Severe myelosuppression with zidovudine

Question 8

Ganciclovir - adverse effects

Answer 8

Leuko- and thrombocytopenia
Retinal detachment
Liver and renal dysfunction

Question 9

Nucleoside analogue contraindicated for patient on other nephrotoxic drug

Answer 9

Cidofovir (avoid e.g. aminoglycosides and amphotericin B)

Question 10

Cidofovir - adverse effects

Answer 10

Nephrotoxicity

Metabolic acidosis

Question 11

Non-nucleoside analogue antiherpetic drug

Answer 11

Foscarnet

Question 12

Forscarnet - MOA

Answer 12

Blocks pyrophosphate-binding sites on viral DNA polymerase. Does not need activation by viral/host kinases.

Question 13

Foscarnet - adverse effects

Answer 13

Acute renal failure
Heart failure
Seizures
Pancreatitis