Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Drugs for Exam 2 > Flashcards

Drugs for Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Muscarinic Agonists

A

Acetylcholine, Methacholine, Pilocarpine, Bethanecol, Carbacol, Cevimeline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Muscarinic agonist, used to induce miosis after cataract surgery. (Muscarinic agonist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Carbacol

A

Induces miosis for surgery and relieves intra-ocular pressure from glaucoma. (Muscarinic Agonist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cevimeline

A

High affinity for lacrimal and salivary muscarinic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Muscarinic Antagonist representative

A

Atropine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bethanechol

A

Used to treat urinary retention (Muscarinic agonist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Muscarinic Antagonists used for GI spasticity

A

Hyoscyamine, Atropine, Dicyclomine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Muscarinic Antagonists used for mydriasis

A

Cyclopentolate, Homatropine, Tropicamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Muscarinic Antagonists that act in the mouth/airway

A

Ipratropium, Tiotropium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Physostigmine, Pyridostigmine, Neostigmine, Ambenonium

A

Treatment for Myasthenia Gravis (Anticholinesterases)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Methacholine

A

Inhalant used to diagnose bronchial airway hyperactivity. Contraindicated in patients on beta blockers. (Muscarinic agonist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Used to relieve post-op urinary retention and pseudo-colonic obstruction (Anticholinesterases)

A

Neostigmine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Epinephrine actions

A

Increased HR, Gut relaxation, bladder sphincter contracts, bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Treats xerostomia from radiation tx and Sjogren’s syndrome. Non-selective muscarinic agonist.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Strong vasoconstrictor (Interacts w/ MAOIs, TCAs and antihistamines)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dopamine

A

Used in management of shock (Adrenergic agent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dobutamine

A

Used in CHF b/c it’s a positive inotrope but doesn’t increase TPR (Selective B1 agonist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Albuterol

A

SABA used to treat Asthma and COPD (B2 selective Adrenergic agent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Salmeterol and Fomoterol

A

LABA used for Asthma management (B2 selective Adrenergic agent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Muscarinic Antagonists used for overactive bladder

A

Oxybutynin, Trospium, Tolterodine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Galantamine

A

Treatment of Alzheimer’s (Anticholinesterases)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Isoproteronol

A

Can be used in bradycardia and some arrhythmias (Beta selective agonist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Drugs to treat depression

A

SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs, TCAs and Atypical anti-psychotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Drugs to treat anxiety

A

SSRIs, SNRIs, Benzodiazepine, Buspirone, Beta-antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Phenelzine, Tranylcypromine, Selegiline

A

MAOIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

amitriptyline, clomipramine, doxepin, imipramine, trimipramine

A

TCAs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, setraline, venlafaxine

A

SSRIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Duloxetine

A

SNRI options

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

End in -pram or -lam

A

Benzodiazepines

30
Q

Setraline and Paroxetine

A

SSRIs approved for PTSD treatment

31
Q

Morphine, Hydromorphone, Oxymorphone

A

Opioid strong agonist prototyes

32
Q

Fentanyl

A

Opioid strong agonist used for chronic pain

33
Q

Good for neuropathic and Cancer pain

A

Methadone

34
Q

Diphenoxylate & Loperamide

A

Opioid mild agonists used in diarrhea treatment

35
Q

Oxycodone & Codeine

A

Opioid mild agonists used for pain

36
Q

Mixed opioid receptor agent that lowers the seizure threshold and can cause serotonin syndrome in pts on SSRIs

A

Tramadol

37
Q

Nalbuphine & Buprenorphine

A

Mixed opioid receptor agents useful in treating addiction

38
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Antacid: can cause gastric distention and NaCl formation that is problematic in HTN, CHF and renal insufficiency.

39
Q

Calcium Carbonate

A

Antacid: can cause belching, hypercalcemia and milk-alkali syndrome

40
Q

Aluminum/Magnesium hydroxide

A

Antacid: No gas or alkalosis but Mg2+ can cause diarrhea and Al3+ can cause constipation

41
Q

Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine

A

H2 receptor antagonists. Good for nocturnal control of acid production. Long term can cause gynecomastia & galactorrhea.

42
Q

Omeprazole, Esomeprazole, Lansoprazole, Dexlansoprazole, Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole

A

PPIs: Take 1 hr before first meal. May increase the risk of infection.

43
Q

Actions of sucralfate

A

Binds ulcers and erosions like a bandage. Should be taken on an empty stomach. May impair absorption of other drugs.

44
Q

Actions of misoprostol

A

Prostaglandine analog that stimulates mucus & bicarbonate secretion. Used in long term NSAID therapy. Pregnancy category X.

45
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate

A

Coats erosions and decreases stool frequency & liquidity. Can cause blackened stool and darkened tongue.

46
Q

Metoclopramide

A

D2-receptor antagonist. Anti-nausea, anti-vomiting. Can cause dystonia, rigidity and hypokinesia.

47
Q

Erythromycin

A

Macrolide antibiotic that stimulates motilin receptors in the gut. Effective for treating bloating

48
Q

Psyllium, Methylcellulose, Polycarbophil

A

Bulk forming laxatives that cause colon distention to trigger parastalsis.

49
Q

Docusate, Glycerin

A

Soften stool to allow for water & lipid incorporation

50
Q

Golytely, Moviprep, Trilyte, Miralax

A

Osmotically active polyethyleneglycol-electrolyte colon preps

51
Q

Bisacodyl, Senna

A

Stimulant laxatives. The mechanism isn’t well understood.

52
Q

Lubiprostone

A

Good for idiopathic constipation and IBS-C

53
Q

Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevalam

A

Bile acid sequestrants, good for Crohn’s or surgical resection of the gut.

54
Q

Loperamide

A

Opioid agonist used for traveller’s diarrhea and IBS-D

55
Q

Alosetron

A

Treatment of severe IBS-D in women

56
Q

Levothyroxine

A

Synthetic T4 for Hypothyroidism. Give 4 hours separate from other drugs

57
Q

Thiamides, methimazole, PTU

A

For Hyperthyroidism. All pregnancy class D. Methimazole is 1st choice. PTU is good for pregnant women

58
Q

Insulin lispro, Insulin aspart, Insulin glulisine

A

Rapid acting. 5-15 min onset, 3-4 hr effect

59
Q

Regular Insulin

A

Short acting. 30 min onset 5-8 hr effect

60
Q

NPH

A

Intermediate insulin. Unpredictable

61
Q

Glargine, detemir

A

Long acting. 1-1.5 hr onset, 11-24 hr effect

62
Q

Sulfonylureas

A

increase insulin from beta cells by blocking ATP mediated K+ channels. 1-2% A1C reduction

63
Q

Rapaglinide, nateglinide

A

Meglitinides, cause a 1-2% reduction in A1C

64
Q

Metformin

A

Biguanides, decrease hepatic production of glucose by activating AMP kinase

65
Q

Pioglitazone, rosiglitazone

A

TZDs

66
Q

Acardose, Miglitol

A

Alpha Gluosidase inhibitors. Slows sugar digestion and absorption.

67
Q

Colesevelam

A

Bile acid sequestrants

68
Q

Pramlintide

A

Amylin analog

69
Q

Drugs ending in -tide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonists

70
Q

drugs ending in -liptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitors

71
Q

Drugs ending in -flozin

A

SGLT2

Pharmacology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions