Drugs For Diabetes 2

Question 1

Clinical use for rapid acting insulin’s?

Answer 1

Postprandial hyperglycemia, so take it before you eat

Question 2

Clinical use for short acting insulin’s?

Answer 2

Basal insulin maintenance and overnight coverage

Question 3

Clinical use of intermediate insulin’s?

Answer 3

Basal insulin maintenance and overnight coverage

Question 4

Clinical use for long acting insulin’s?

Answer 4

Basal maintenance

Question 5

3 adverse effects of using insulins?

Answer 5

Hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, and resistance

Question 6

What is the most common complication of insulin therapy?

Answer 6

Hypoglycemia

Question 7

3 things we can give someone who is super hypoglycemic?

Answer 7

Glucose, glucagon, and Diazoxide

Question 8

How does diazoxide restore glucose levels?

Answer 8

It opens the potassium channel in the beta cell so it is not depolarized. Inhibits the release of insulin.

Question 9

What is the clinical use of pramlinitide?

Answer 9

Used before meals as an adjunct to insulin

Question 10

2 adverse effects of pramlintide?

Answer 10

GI problems and severe hypoglycemia. Must lower the dose of insulin

Question 11

What is the one drug interaction to know for pramlintide?

Answer 11

Enhances anticholinergic effects in the gut, so constipation

Question 12

What is the clinical use for GLP1 agonists?

Answer 12

Type 2 diabetes where metformin, sulfos, and thiazols don’t work

Question 13

2 adverse effects of GLP1 agonists?

Answer 13

GI issues and pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer

Question 14

Clinical use of DPP4 inhibitors?

Answer 14

Adjunct therapy for type 2 diabetes

Question 15

1 unique adverse effect of DPP4 inhibitors?

Answer 15

Upper respiratory infections

Question 16

What is the main difference between first and second generation sulfos?

Answer 16

Second generation is way more potent

Question 17

3 adverse effects of sulfos?

Answer 17

Weight gain, secondary failure, dermatologic

Question 18

Why do we have dermatological adverse effects of sulfos?

Answer 18

Hypersensitivity reactions because of cross reactivity with other sulfos like sulfa antibiotics, carbonic anhydride inhibitors, diuretics

Question 19

What is the clinical use of meglitinides?

Answer 19

Control of postprandial hyperglycemia

Question 20

What is the clinical use for metformin?

Answer 20

Most commonly used oral agent to treat type 2 diabetes and is used first line treatment

Question 21

What are 3 pros of using metformin?

Answer 21

Does not cause hypoglycemia, weight gain and is oral

Question 22

3 adverse effects of using metformin?

Answer 22

Most common GI
B12 Absorption reduced
Lactic acidosis under hypoxic conditions

Question 23

What is the contraindication for metformin?

Answer 23

Don’t give if someone has a predisposition for hypoxia. HF and COPD

Question 24

Half life of thiazols is reduced by what type of cyps and prolonged by what type of cyps? Give an example of both.

Answer 24

Reduced by cyp inducing drugs like rifampin

Prolonged by cyp inhabiting drugs like gemfibrosil

Question 25

What is the clinical use of thiazols?

Answer 25

Type 2 diabetes

Question 26

What are the 5 adverse effects of using thiazols?

Answer 26

Weight gain, edema, makes heart failure worse, increased cholesterol, and osteoporosis

Question 27

What is the mechanism of action that causes edema?

Answer 27

Increase ENAC to bring in sodium and water

Question 28

Clinical use of SGLT2 inhibitors?

Answer 28

Type 2 diabetes

Question 29

4 adverse effects of SGLT2 inhibitors?

Answer 29

Hypotension, hypvolemia, hyperkalemia, and UTIS

Question 30

Clinical use of Alpha glucosidase inhibitors?

Answer 30

Type 2 diabetes

Question 31

Most common adverse effect?

Answer 31

malabsorption and GI effects

Question 32

Drug interaction for acarbose?

Answer 32

Decrease absorption of digoxin

Question 33

Drug interaction for miglitol?

Answer 33

Decrease absorption for propranolol and ranitidine