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Medicine - Respi > Drugs For Cough > Flashcards

Drugs For Cough Flashcards

1
Q

Prolonged wheezy coughing

A
  • Severe asthma

* COPD

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2
Q

Feeble non explosive bovine cough with hoarseness

A
  • Lung cancer

* Neuromuscular disorders

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3
Q

Harsh, barking, painful cough with hoarseness and stridor

A
  • Laryngeal inflammation
  • Infection
  • Tumour
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4
Q

Moist cough with secretions

A
  • Bronchial infection

* Bronchiectasis

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5
Q

Persistent moist smoker cough 1st thing in morning

A

• Chronic bronchitis

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6
Q

Dry, centrally painful, non-productive cough

A
  • Tracheitis

* Pneumonia

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7
Q

Chronic dry cough

A

Interstitial lung disease eg. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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8
Q

Nocturnal cough disrupting sleep

A

Asthma

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9
Q

Drug categories

A
  • Peripherally acting agents
  • Expectorants
  • Centrally acting agents (anti tussives)
  • Miscellaneous agents
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10
Q

Peripherally acting agents type

A

Pharyngeal demulcents

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11
Q

Expectorants types

A
  • Bronchial secretion enhancers

* Mucolytics

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12
Q

Centrally acting agents types

A
  • Opioides

* Non-Opioides

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13
Q

Miscellaneous agents types

A
  • Decongestants
  • Antihistamines
  • Bronchodilators
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14
Q

Pharyngeal demulcents examples

A
  • Syrups
  • Lozenges
  • Linctus
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15
Q

Pharyngeal demulcents MOA

A

• Glutinously coat the pharynx - reduces afferent stimuli

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16
Q

Cough arising below larynx remedy

A

• Steam inhalation with compound benzoin tincture, menthol or eucalyptus

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17
Q

Expectorants MOA

A

• Increases bronchial gland secretion (which can be easily removed)

18
Q

Bronchial secretion enhancers examples

A
  • Sodium or potassium citrate

* Potassium iodide

19
Q

Expectorants ADR

A
  • Abdominal pain
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
20
Q

Expectorants contraindications

A
  • Children: iodism, goitre (iodides)

* Nursing/pregnant mothers: hyperthyroidism, hyperkalemia

21
Q

Mucolytics examples

A
  • Bromhexine
  • Ambroxol
  • Acetyl cysteine
22
Q

Bromhexine MOA

A
  • Depolymerises mucopolysaccharide and liberates lysosomal enzymes
  • Induces thin copious bronchial secretion
23
Q

Bromhexine side effects

A
  • Rhinorrhea
  • Lacrimation
  • Gastric irritation
24
Q

Acetyl cysteine MOA

A

Opens disulfide bonds in mucoproteins

25
Q

Acetyl cysteine indication

A 
Respiratory disease with excessive/viscous mucoid secretion
• Bronchitis
• Bronchiectasis
• Asthmatic bronchitis
• Emphysema
26
Q

Antitussives MOA

A

Inhibits cough centre in medulla

27
Q

Opioids examples

A
  • Codeine
  • Pholcodeine
  • Methadone
  • Noscapine
28
Q

Non opioids example

A

Dextromethorphan

29
Q

Antitussives indication

A

Used for dry/hazardous cough

30
Q

Codeine MOA

A
  • More selective for cough centre
  • Suppresses cough for 6 hours
  • Naloxone (opioid antagonist) blocks action
31
Q

Codeine ADR

A
  • Abuse liability
  • Constipation
  • Respiratory depression/drowsiness
32
Q

Codeine CI

A

asthmatics

33
Q

Dextromethorphan properties

A
  • Synthetic opioid derivative
  • Does not depress mucociliary function
  • Action not blocked by Naloxone
34
Q

Dextromethorphan indication

A
  • Irritating/hacking cough

* Cough due to bronchitis, common cold, pharyngitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis, URTI

35
Q

Dextromethorphan advantages

A
  • No respiratory depression
  • No analgesic action
  • No addictive property
  • No narcosis
  • Less constipation
  • Less GI irritation
36
Q

Decongestants examples

A

Topical: oxymetazoline, xylometazoline, Phenylephrine
Oral: Pseudoephedrine

37
Q

Antihistamines examples

A
  • Chlorpheniramine
  • Diphenhydramine
  • Promethazine
38
Q

Bronchodilators examples

A
  • Salbutamol

* Terbutaline

39
Q

Management of acute cough

A

• Treat cause
• Antibiotics - pencillins, erythromycin, doxycycline
• Choice of drugs: Dextromethorphan and cough suppressants
Antihistamines and decongestants

40
Q

Management of persistent cough

A
  • Codeine/Pholcodeine for dry cough disturbing sleep
  • Morphine: dry cough in patients with terminal illness
  • Expectorants: reduce viscosity of sputum
  • Inhalation of steam

Medicine - Respi (5 decks)

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