Drugs Effecting Blood Flashcards
What are the Hemoglobin values for adult males and adult females?
Males are 14-18 gm/dL (boys are bad at 18)
Females are 12-16 gm/dL (girls sweet 16!)
Your patient is a women who talks about being a vegetarian all the time. After being on the treadmill She feels weak, has a high pulse rate, feels dizzy, and has exertional dyspnea. What is her condition?
Anemia
*is a decrease in red blood cells and is the most common blood disorder. Often found in vegetarians, women, and children with poor nutrition.
During your subjective exam, your pt tells you they are taking Iron, B12, and Folic Acid. Which condition do you assume they are being treated for?
ANEMIA!
You are treating a cancer patient with renal failure. They are anemic. Which drug would you ask about to ensure they are being managed for their condition?
Erythropoietin
*Stimulates production of RBC synthesis in bone marrow, most commonly used in Renal Failure and Cancer.
Your pt complains of muscle weakness, is having cognitive problems and forgetting things, has neuropathic pain, and you notice their proprioception is decreased. Which vitamin do you presume to be low if tested?
Vitamin B12
- Known as Pernicious Anemia
- vit B12 deficiency causes neurological deficits
During a subjective exam, the pt mentions they were experiencing leg pain a month ago and the doctor prescribed them Warfarin (Coumadin) for the problem. Why is this significant for you as a PT?
Warfarin is an anticoagulant, used for treating DVT and causes excessive bleeding. Therefore, NO agressive manual therapy is to be used on this patient. It can cause bruising! Hands Off!
You are reviewing a chart in an in-patient setting and the patient is post surgical for a cardiac condition. Which drug are they likely on?
Heparin (Lovenox) or Warfarin “arin”
*Is an anticoagulant used for the prevention of abnormal clot formation and DVT. Heparin is used for immediate effects by injection.
You are an in-home PT evaluating a 63 year old male who has been on bed rest for the last week. What is this patient at risk for and what would you evaluate?
Risk for DVT. Evaluate: -Tenderness of posterior calf -Unilateral Calf swelling and pitting edema -Tenderness of femoral vein.
This patient was treated for atherosclerotic plaques. They are now taking a drug to prevent MI and stroke. What drug could they be on?
Plavix is most likely as it is specifically used to prevent MI and stroke, however, Aspirin is critical in acute stage on MI, and Glycoprotein inhibitors are the most powerful inhibitors of platelet formation.
What are the side effects of Antithrombotic medications?
Excessive bleeding, GI and HYPOtension.
This drug is used to breakdown existing clots, typically found in patients with acute MI, presence of DVT, or have peripheral clots.
Streptokinase, Urokinase, Anistreplase “ase”
*These drugs convert plasminogen to plasmin (clot breakdown!)
A positive sign is present when there is pain in the calf on dorsiflexion of the patient’s foot at the ankle while the knee is fully extended. Used to assess DVT
Homans Sign
You notice on the pt report that they have elevated triglyceride levels as well as LDL. What drug do you suspect they are taking?
STATIN Drugs (super common) used to treat hyperlipidemia.
- Lipitor, Zocor, Mevacor “or”
- These drugs inhibit enzyme HMG-CoA required for cholesterol synthesis.
These drugs are used for treating hyperlipidemia and are responsible for the clearance of triglyceride rich lipoproteins.
Fibric Acids (FIBRATES) *Gemifibrozil, Fenofibrate
These drugs help to reduce cardiac event by 30-35% and reduce LDL and Triglycerides and increase HDL.
Statin drugs
lipitor, zocor, mevacor
