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MM Pharmacology > Drugs by Name > Flashcards

Drugs by Name Flashcards

1
Q

DMSO

A

enhances topical absorption, may be toxic

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2
Q

Cimetidine

A

treats GERD in stomach by inhibiting P450

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3
Q

phenobarbital

A

barbituate, induces CYP3A4,5,7

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4
Q

probenecid

A

Co-penicillin drug, decreases excretion via urine

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5
Q

bethanechol

A

Muscarinic antagonist, Gi bladder atony,

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6
Q

muscarine

A

muscarinic agonist, treats glaucoma

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7
Q

pilocarpine

A

muscarinic agonist, treats dry mouth and glaucoma

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8
Q

nicotine

A

nicotinic agonist, CNS, both relaxing and stimulating

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9
Q

physostigmine (for atropine OD), neostigmine

A

anticholinesterases, work GI, increase Ach, PS effects

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10
Q

atropine

A

muscarinic antagonist, treats bradycardia, dilates pupils

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11
Q

scopolamine

A

muscarinic antagonist, vestibular stimulation, locally for motion sickness

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12
Q

hexamethonium

A

nicotinic antagonist, treats hypertension by lowering autonomic ganglia’s predominant input

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13
Q

epinephrine

A

nonselective agonist, heart, lungs, vasculature (cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis)

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14
Q

norepinephrine

A

agonist of alpha1, beta1, heart and vasculature, treats hypotension

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15
Q

phenylephrine

A

Alpha 1 agonist, treats hypotension

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16
Q

clonidine

A

Alpha 2 agonist, decreases NE secretion at synapse, treats hypertention

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17
Q

isoproterenol

A

Beta1 and 2 agonist, heart, treats hypotension

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18
Q

terbutaline, albuterol

A

Beta 2 agonist, treats asthma

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19
Q

cocaine, amphetamine, ephedrine

A

indirect sympthomimetic psychostimulant

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20
Q

imipramine

A

indirect sympthomimetic antidepressant

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21
Q

tyramines can’t be broken down by MAOs (MAO inhibition)

A

hypertensive crisis when ______ causes increase in NE

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22
Q

phenoxybenzamine,

A

alpha blocker, noncompetitive, treats hypertension

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23
Q

phentolamine

A

alpha blocker, competitive, treats hypertension

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24
Q

prazonsin

A

Alpha 1 blocker, treats hypertension

25
Q

yohimbine

A

Alpha 2 blocker, treats erectile dysfunction

26
Q

propranolol, pindolol, timolol

A

nonspecific beta blockers: reduce cardiac output, bronchoconstriction

27
Q

atenolol

A

Beta 1 blocker, treats hypertension

28
Q

carvedilol

A

Beta 1 & Alpha 1 blocker, lowers cardiac output and vasodilates

29
Q

methyldopa

A

false transmitter for NE, alpha 2 agonist (treats hypertension)

30
Q

reserpine

A

lowers NE uptake by VMAT, treats hypertension

31
Q

EDTA

A

Lead and Ca chelator

32
Q

Calcium Disodium EDTA

A

lead chelator, not Ca, fewer side effects than EDTA

33
Q

Dimercaprol (BAL)

A

Pb, As, Hg, Ag chelator

34
Q

Penicillamine (Cuprimine)

A

Pb and Cu chelator

35
Q

DMSA (2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid)

A

Pb chelator with multistep therapy to combat rebound

36
Q

deferoxamine

A

Fe chelator, treats hemochromatosis

37
Q

diphenhydramine (benadryl), dimenhydrinate (dramamine), Chlorpheniramine (chlortrimeton), Cyclizine (Marezine), Meclizine (Antivert, Bonine), Promethazine (Phenergan)

A

treat allergies by blocking peripheral H1 receptors + CNS

38
Q

Loratadine, Desloratadine, fexofenide, Cetirizine (Claritin, Clarinex, Allegra, Zyrtec)

A

treat allergies by blocking peripheral H1 receptors (not in CNS)

39
Q

Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine (Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid)

A

treat stomach acid but lowering gastric acid secretion (H2)

40
Q

PGI2 (prostacyclin)

A

COX path: vasodilation, lowers platelet aggregation, lows gastric acid, increases mucus in stomach

41
Q

PGE2 (causes fever, pain) PGF2alpha, Misoprostol

A

COX path: induces labor, increases uterine contraction

42
Q

TXA2 (thromboxane A2)

A

COX path: increases platelets (TXB2 is product)

43
Q

corticosteroids

A

COX and Lipox pathway: anti-inflammation through lowered formation of free arachadonic acid

44
Q

LTB4

A

Lipoxy path: BLT1 receptor, attracts neutrophils

45
Q

LTC4

A

Lipoxy path: cycLT2 receptor, causes edema

46
Q

LTD4

A

Lipoxy path: cysLT1 receptor, causes bronchoconstriction

47
Q

Zileuton (Zyflo)

A

Lipoxy path: decreases 5-lipoxygenase, treats asthma, allergies

48
Q

aspirin

A

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: irreversibly inhibits COX, inhibits TXA at low doses

49
Q

salsalate

A

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: weakly inhibits COX, less GI irritation

50
Q

sodium salicylate

A

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: reversibly inhibits COX1,2, NF-kb

51
Q

diflusinal

A

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: competitively binds COX

52
Q

mesalamine, sulfasalazine

A

reversibly inhibits COX, treat inflammatory bowel disease

53
Q

acetaminophen (tylenol)

A

antipyretic, analgesic. Induces M404 in CNS, which reduces COX, not a good anti-inflammatory

54
Q

N-acetylcysteine

A

antidote for acetominophen OD, repletes glutathione levels in liver

55
Q

Indomethacin/Indocin (CNS side effects), Sulindac

A

Nonselective COX inhibitors: analgesics for arthritis (joints)

56
Q

Ibuprofen, naproxen

A

Nonselective COX inhibitors: analgesics for arthritis, dysmenorrhea (joints and muscles)

57
Q

ketorolac (Toradol)

A

Nonselective COX inhibitor: post-surgical

58
Q

Celecoxib (Celebrex), Rofecoxib (Vioxx)

A

COX-2 selective inhibtors: no GI side effects, but increased TXA causes cardiac effects

MM Pharmacology (5 decks)

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