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MM Pharmacology > Drugs by Effect > Flashcards

Drugs by Effect Flashcards

1
Q

enhances topical absorption, may be toxic

A

DMSO

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2
Q

treats GERD in stomach by inhibiting P450

A

Cimetidine

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3
Q

barbituate, induces CYP3A4,5,7

A

phenobarbital

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4
Q

Co-penicillin drug, decreases excretion via urine

A

probenecid

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5
Q

Muscarinic antagonist, Gi bladder atony,

A

bethanechol

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6
Q

muscarinic agonist, treats glaucoma

A

muscarine

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7
Q

muscarinic agonist, treats dry mouth and glaucoma

A

pilocarpine

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8
Q

nicotinic agonist, CNS, both relaxing and stimulating

A

nicotine

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9
Q

anticholinesterases, work GI, increase Ach, PS effects

A

physostigmine (for atropine OD), neostigmine

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10
Q

muscarinic antagonist, treats bradycardia, dilates pupils

A

atropine

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11
Q

muscarinic antagonist, vestibular stimulation, locally for motion sickness

A

scopolamine

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12
Q

nicotinic antagonist, treats hypertension by lowering autonomic ganglia’s predominant input

A

hexamethonium

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13
Q

nonselective agonist, heart, lungs, vasculature (cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis)

A

epinephrine

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14
Q

agonist of alpha1, beta1, heart and vasculature, treats hypotension

A

norepinephrine

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15
Q

Alpha 1 agonist, treats hypotension

A

phenylephrine

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16
Q

Alpha 2 agonist, decreases NE secretion at synapse, treats hypertention

A

clonidine

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17
Q

Beta1 and 2 agonist, heart, treats hypotension

A

isoproterenol

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18
Q

Beta 2 agonist, treats asthma

A

terbutaline, albuterol

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19
Q

indirect sympthomimetic psychostimulant

A

cocaine, amphetamine, ephedrine

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20
Q

indirect sympthomimetic antidepressant

A

imipramine

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21
Q

hypertensive crisis when ______ causes increase in NE

A

tyramines can’t be broken down by MAOs (MAO inhibition)

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22
Q

alpha blocker, noncompetitive, treats hypertension

A

phenoxybenzamine,

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23
Q

alpha blocker, competitive, treats hypertension

A

phentolamine

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24
Q

Alpha 1 blocker, treats hypertension

25
Q

Alpha 2 blocker, treats erectile dysfunction

26
Q

nonspecific beta blockers: reduce cardiac output, bronchoconstriction

A

propranolol, pindolol, timolol

27
Q

Beta 1 blocker, treats hypertension

28
Q

Beta 1 & Alpha 1 blocker, lowers cardiac output and vasodilates

A

carvedilol

29
Q

false transmitter for NE, alpha 2 agonist (treats hypertension)

A

methyldopa

30
Q

lowers NE uptake by VMAT, treats hypertension

31
Q

Lead and Ca chelator

32
Q

lead chelator, not Ca, fewer side effects than EDTA

A

Calcium Disodium EDTA

33
Q

Pb, As, Hg, Ag chelator

A

Dimercaprol (BAL)

34
Q

Pb and Cu chelator

A

Penicillamine (Cuprimine)

35
Q

Pb chelator with multistep therapy to combat rebound

A

DMSA (2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid)

36
Q

Fe chelator, treats hemochromatosis

A

deferoxamine

37
Q

treat allergies by blocking peripheral H1 receptors + CNS

A

diphenhydramine (benadryl), dimenhydrinate (dramamine), Chlorpheniramine (chlortrimeton), Cyclizine (Marezine), Meclizine (Antivert, Bonine), Promethazine (Phenergan)

38
Q

treat allergies by blocking peripheral H1 receptors (not in CNS)

A

Loratadine, Desloratadine, fexofenide, Cetirizine (Claritin, Clarinex, Allegra, Zyrtec)

39
Q

treat stomach acid but lowering gastric acid secretion (H2)

A

Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine (Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid)

40
Q

COX path: vasodilation, lowers platelet aggregation, lows gastric acid, increases mucus in stomach

41
Q

COX path: induces labor, increases uterine contraction

A

PGE2 (causes fever, pain) PGF2alpha, Misoprostol

42
Q

COX path: increases platelets (TXB2 is product)

43
Q

COX and Lipox pathway: anti-inflammation through lowered formation of free arachadonic acid

A

corticosteroids

44
Q

Lipoxy path: BLT1 receptor, attracts neutrophils

45
Q

Lipoxy path: cycLT2 receptor, causes edema

46
Q

Lipoxy path: cysLT1 receptor, causes bronchoconstriction

47
Q

Lipoxy path: decreases 5-lipoxygenase, treats asthma, allergies

A

Zileuton (Zyflo)

48
Q

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: irreversibly inhibits COX, inhibits TXA at low doses

49
Q

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: weakly inhibits COX, less GI irritation

50
Q

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: reversibly inhibits COX1,2, NF-kb

A

sodium salicylate

51
Q

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: competitively binds COX

A

diflusinal

52
Q

reversibly inhibits COX, treat inflammatory bowel disease

A

mesalamine, sulfasalazine

53
Q

antipyretic, analgesic. Induces M404 in CNS, which reduces COX

A

acetaminophen (tylenol) not a good anti-inflammatory

54
Q

antidote for acetominophen OD, repletes glutathione levels in liver

A

N-acetylcysteine

55
Q

Nonselective COX inhibitors: analgesics for arthritis (joints)

A

Indomethacin/Indocin (CNS side effects), Sulindac

56
Q

Nonselective COX inhibitors: analgesics for arthritis, dysmenorrhea (joints and muscles)

A

Ibuprofen, naproxen

57
Q

Nonselective COX inhibitor: post-surgical

A

ketorolac (Toradol)

58
Q

COX-2 selective inhibtors: no GI side effects, but increased TXA causes cardiac effects

A

Celecoxib (Celebrex), Rofecoxib (Vioxx)

MM Pharmacology (5 decks)

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