Drugs: Antibiotics

Question 1

Penicillin

Answer 1

B-lactam
Inhibits transpeptidation (PBP) to stop cell well synth. Needs growing target.
-Resistance: porins, efflux T1SS, penicillinase
AE: Allergic rxn anaphylaxis, rash, Super Infection
+ probenacid to prolong activity
Penicillin G = IV, narrow spectrum, s. pneumo
Penicillin V= oral, strep throat

Question 2

Methicillin, Nafcillin

Answer 2

B-lactam
Naf for staph (cellulitis, endocarditis)
Penicillinase resistant R groups
Hypersensitivity rxn

Question 3

Amoxicillin, Ampicillin

Answer 3

B-lactam, extended spectrum 
Bronchitis, Otitis, Sinusitis 
Amoxicillin for Listeria! 
AE: Hypersensitivity, PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS. 
(amp-gent) combo for extended spectrum.

Question 4

Clavulanic Acid

Answer 4

inhibits b-latamases
use to potentiate abx
Augmentin (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid)

Question 5

Carbenicillin, Ticarcillin, Piperacillin

Answer 5

B-lactam, extended spectrum
(TCP, Takes Care of Pseudomonas)
AE: Hypersensitivity

Question 6

Cephalosporins

Answer 6

Bactericidal (B-lactam)

1st: surgical prophylaxsis
2nd: B. Fragilis, Klebsiella
3rd: GRAM (-) MENINGITIS (BBB)
4th: pseudomonas, nosocomial infections (BBB)

Question 7

Cephalosporins Adverse Rxns

Answer 7

Allergic rxn
Thrombopletbitis
BLEEDING (supp with vitK)
DISULFIRAM rxn. NO ALCOHOL