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YEAR 1 Pharmacolgy > Drugs and the Endocrine System > Flashcards

Drugs and the Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

Hypothyroidism symptoms on central nervous system? (5)

A
  1. Anxiety
  2. Nervousness
  3. Tremor
  4. insomnia
  5. Hypertension
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2
Q

Hypothyroidism symptoms on cardiovascular system? (2)

A
  1. Tachycardia

2. Palpitations

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3
Q

Hypothyroidism symptoms on metabolic rate? (4)

A
  1. Low grade fever
  2. Intolerance to heat
  3. increased appetite
  4. Weightloss
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4
Q

Hyperthyroidism symptoms on central nervous system? (3)

A
  1. Slow speech
  2. Lethargy
  3. Hyporeflexia
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5
Q

Hyperthyroidism symptoms on cardiovascular system? (3)

A
  1. Hypotension
  2. Bradycardia
  3. Anaemia
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6
Q

Hyperthyroidism symptoms on metabolic rate? (3)

A
  1. Weight gain
  2. Low Body temperature
  3. Intolerance to cold
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7
Q

Why do people develop a goitre when they have an under active thyroid? (2)

A
  1. They do not have enough iodine so insufficient T3/T4 cells.
  2. There is a disruption to negative feedback.
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8
Q

Why do people develop a goitre when they have an over active thyroid? (2)

A
  1. Activation of TSH receptors by antibodies (graves disease).
  2. Increase in size and function of the thyroid gland.
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9
Q

Hyperthyroidism is an…

A

Autoimmune condition .

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10
Q

Treatment for hyperthyroidism does not cure the problem it…

A

Suppresses it.

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11
Q

Drugs to treat Hyperthyroidism are? (2)

A
  1. Carbimazole

2. Propylthiouracil.

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12
Q

What are the long term treatments for hyperthyroidism? (3)

A
  1. Surgery
  2. Radioactive iodine
  3. Replacement hormones.
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13
Q

Carbimazole works by…

A

Inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine.

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14
Q

Carbimazole is absorbed…

A

At the gut and is converted by the liver to its active form.

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15
Q

How is carbimazole excreted?

A

In the urine

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16
Q

Carbimazole has a short…

A

Half life.

17
Q

Unwanted affects of carbimazole?

A
  1. Nausea
  2. Allergic rash
  3. Itching
18
Q

People with hypothyroidism require…

A

Thyroxine substitute (levothyroxine T4)

19
Q

In severe cases of hypothyroidism people require…

A

IV triiodothyronine T3

20
Q

The half life of T3 is much…

A

Lower.

21
Q

Parathyroid hormone promotes Ca2+ reabsorption from the…

A

Kidney.

22
Q

Calcitonin inhibits…

A

Reabsorption from the kidney, lowering blood plasma Ca2+ levels.

23
Q

How does Calcitriol work?

A

It increases blood plasma Ca2+ levels by increasing bone mobilisation and increasing reabsorption from gut.

24
Q

How is Hypocalcaemia caused? (4)

A
  1. Inadequate Ca2+ intake,
  2. deficiency in PTH
  3. Lack of vitamin D
  4. Renal problems.

YEAR 1 Pharmacolgy (5 decks)

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