drugs and society

Question 1

helps to explain why children and infants try to alter their consciousness without intoxicating themselves

Answer 1

nature theory

Question 2

says that altering ones conscious is an innate drive that everyone has in them

Answer 2

nature theory

Question 3

says that drug use is based on a predisposed disposition

Answer 3

biological theory

Question 4

True or false: there is a specific gene that means you will have an addiction

Answer 4

false

Question 5

this theory states that addiction is a result of moral weakness

Answer 5

moral theory

Question 6

this theory states that addiction is associated with character deficits/traits

Answer 6

moral theory

Question 7

this theory states that recovery is achieved through the use of willpower and discipline, and the development of a virtuous lifestyle

Answer 7

moral theory

Question 8

theory that is advocated most prominently by AA

Answer 8

disease model

Question 9

this theory states that addiction is curable, fatal if left untreated and that abstinence is the only solution

Answer 9

disease model

Question 10

self-derogation theory

Answer 10

lack of self-worth

Question 11

Emphasizes either reinforcement and punishment or dysfunctional personalities

Answer 11

psychological theories

Question 12

theory states that addiction is a result of inadequacy and low self esteem

Answer 12

psychological theories

Question 13

theory states that the user will behave in a way that they will minimize negative feelings and maximize positive feelings

Answer 13

psychological theories

Question 14

this theory states environmental factors cause differences in use rates for different compounds

Answer 14

sociocultural theories

Question 15

4 parts to the social bonding theory

Answer 15

attachment, commitment, involvement, belief

Question 16

are you attached to others?

Answer 16

attachment

Question 17

how invested is the person in society?

Answer 17

commitment

Question 18

how much time does the person spend engaging in conventional activities?

Answer 18

involvement

Question 19

Belief that the values are a reflection of what is good

Answer 19

belief

Question 20

social bonding theory and self control theory are what kind of theories?

Answer 20

control theories

Question 21

this theory states that people with high self control won’t do drugs and people with low self control will, can relate it to any criminal behaviour

Answer 21

self-control theory (general theory of crime)

Question 22

this theory states that people feel strain and may react in deviant ways as a result

Answer 22

anomie/strain theory

Question 23

failure to achieve goals and the removal of positive stimuli results in addiction

Answer 23

general strain theory

Question 24

conformity (non-deviant), innovation (deviant, noncriminal)

Answer 24

Merton: modes of adaptation

Question 25

age, race, ethnicity, religiosity, SES all have an impact on drug use rates

Answer 25

subculture models

Question 26

labelling theory, differential association theory, social learning theory are what kind of theories?

Answer 26

subculture

Question 27

social learning and associations, learn drug use from peers, can unlearn behaviours

Answer 27

differential association theory

Question 28

reinforcement and imitation are part of what theory?

Answer 28

social learning theory

Question 29

theory states that deviance is rationalized by techniques such as: denial of responsibility, denial of injury, denial of victim, condemnation of condemners, appealing to higher loyalties

Answer 29

neutralization theory

Question 30

conflict theories

Answer 30

Marxian, pluralist

Question 31

this theory combines strain, social control, cultural and situational factors

Answer 31

drift theory

Question 32

this theory states you need a motivated offender, a suitable target and a lack of capable guardians

Answer 32

routine activities theory

Question 33

theory suggests that drug use might be normal, want to check for from life for a few mins so report to drugs

Answer 33

normalization thesis

Question 34

Disciplining bodies using bio-power to control and manipulate individuals and entire populations, power only exists when it is exercised

Answer 34

Foucault and bio-power

Question 35

list the 5 broad categories of drug treatment

Answer 35

pharmacological, outpatient, residential, AA, compulsory

Question 36

what is the most important factor in predicting successful treatment outcomes?

Answer 36

commitment and willingness of the user to overcome addiction

Question 37

list at least 2 indicators of treatment effectiveness

Answer 37

eliminate or reduce drug use eliminate or reduce criminal offending reduce risky behaviour (sexual, needle sharing) increase rates of conventional employment

Question 38

drug antagonists

Answer 38

either make patients ill or block psychoactive effects of the drug

Question 39

drug agonists

Answer 39

uses other drugs to treat addiction (methadone)

Question 40

drug agonists and antagonists are under what type of treatment?

Answer 40

pharmacotherapy

Question 41

what are the 2 models of residential treatment?

Answer 41

medicalized and behavioural approach

Question 42

AA is what kind of treatment?

Answer 42

residential

Question 43

what is the central goal of therapeutic communities?

Answer 43

recovery through abstinence

Question 44

what does compulsory treatment consist of?

Answer 44

forced drug treatment

Question 45

why is compulsory treatment controversial?

Answer 45

if the person isn't willing to change they won't might complete the program but once on street again may go back to using can you ethically force someone into treatment?

Question 46

widening the number of people they can bring into the system and catching in the CJS

Answer 46

net widening

Question 47

making requirements impossible to meet

Answer 47

mesh tightening

Question 48

what do drug courts use to gain social control?

Answer 48

high-tech urinalysis digital ankle monitors disease model

Question 49

why is outpatient therapy useful?

Answer 49

these people want to change

Question 50

which therapy has the most consistent success across treatment settings?

Answer 50

CBT

Question 51

drug courts, reward and punishment, and reinforcement to alter behaviour are what type of therapy?

Answer 51

contingency management

Question 52

largest voluntary drug treatment in the world

Answer 52

AA

Question 53

open vs. closed meetings

Answer 53

open: bring family, friends with you closed: no one but the alcoholics in the meeting

Question 54

what model does AA believe in?

Answer 54

disease model

Question 55

what are the criticisms of alcoholism as a disease?

Answer 55

takes away personal responsibility | says the user is powerless

Question 56

what are the pros of self-repot survey's?

Answer 56

anonymous, gather data quickly

Question 57

what are the cons of self-report surveys?

Answer 57

under reporting

Question 58

what survey determines legal/illegal drug use of Canadians 15 and older?

Answer 58

Canadian Tobacco, alcohol, and drug survey

Question 59

this survey tests grade 7-12 students on substance use and health

Answer 59

Ontario student drug use and health survey

Question 60

true or false: youth and indigenous youth are at low risk for substance abuse

Answer 60

false

Question 61

why are street youth at higher risk of substance use?

Answer 61

coping mechanism, stress and family abuse, social/recreational use

Question 62

this provides info on drug related ER visits and deaths that are related to substance use

Answer 62

drug abuse warning network statistics (DAWN)

Question 63

what is reported by DAWN?

Answer 63

illicit drugs, prescriptions, dietary supplements, inhalants, alcohol and other drugs

Question 64

what age group is most likely to use?

Answer 64

youth university/college students age 19-28 steady

Question 65

why are youth most likely to use?

Answer 65

free from responsibility and attachments

Question 66

what gender is more likely to use and why?

Answer 66

males, more risk taking

Question 67

true or false: whites use drugs the most

Answer 67

true

Question 68

class based stereotyping

Answer 68

white people/privileged more illicit | poverty not related to correlations

Question 69

true or false: high SES drink more

Answer 69

true

Question 70

true or false: illicit drug use is related to income and education

Answer 70

false, it is not