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psy 311 > drugs and naming part 1 > Flashcards

drugs and naming part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

why do you have to suddelnly pee when your drinking

A

in the Hypothalamus alcohol Depresses ADH release, which signal urinary urges

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2
Q

Neuroleptics (major tranquilizers)

A

-antipsychotics and major tranquilizers relieve hallucinations delusions symptoms of mania and that’s a smaller dosage motion sickness Thorazine haldol

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3
Q

Metabolism: of alcohol

92-98% metabolized

A

liver enzyme: alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH, MFO),

– 10-14 grams per hr = about 1 Beer

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4
Q

Stimulants

A

-called uppers antidepressants plus excitation Benzedrine amphetamines cocaine caffeine and nicotine

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5
Q

Brand Name: Benzedrine whats the generic name

A

dl-amphetamine

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6
Q

10000 BC Honey wine (meade ) was made by

A

Sugar (glucose) + Water + yeast

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7
Q

what is General Adaptation Syndrome, discovered by who

A

Hans Selye : alarm, resistance, exhaustion

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8
Q

Mechanism of Action for Barbiturates(5)

A

– 1. Reduced Oxygen consumption
– 2. Reduced Brain activity
– 3. Increase Slow-wave sleep, reduce REM
– 4. GABA mediated inhibition (Cl- channel opening resulting in HYPERPOLARIZATION)
– 5. Inhibits glutamate receptor (AMPA)

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9
Q

what is the mechanisim of action for alcohol

A

hyperpolarization of GABA receptors

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10
Q

Physiological reactions of anxiety

A

HR, BP, RR, Pupil size, dry mouth, EEG, blood sugar, adrenaline, ACTH, elevation of gluco -corticoids (cortisol), lactate, GSR

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11
Q

what is the basis form classifying drugs

A

behavioural and therapeutic effects

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12
Q

Anxiolytics, sedatives or alcohol all

A

synergistic, involving same enzymes,

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13
Q

FAS features

A

narrow forhead, long thinupper lip, short papbral fissues, short flat nose

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14
Q

2 types of Propanediols

A

mephenesin(TOLSEROL) meprobamate(MILTOWN)

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15
Q

Barbiturates:

– made from

A

UREA and MALONIC ACID

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16
Q 
Conversion Disorder( the inability to form tasks)
symptoms and cause
A

Symptoms: hysteric disfunction
Prognosis: fair

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17
Q

Pyscological reactions of anxiety

A 
Impaired memory
Impaired performance
Burnout (depression)
Drug abuse
PTSD (insomnia, sensitivity)
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18
Q

Reinforcement Model (WIKLER)
– 1. Direct effect – psychological
– 2. Indirect effect –psychological
– 3. Long term effects –

A

direct- psychological (stress, sorrow, shyness, peer pressure, euphoria)
indirect- (stimuli associated with stress reduction)
long term effects- suppression of anxiety and withdrawal)

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19
Q

Hypochondriasis

symptoms and cause

A

Symptoms: organ disfunction , morbid concern over health
Prognosis: bad

20
Q

Phobia

symptoms and cause

A

Symptoms: intense fear of objects, places, eventse

Prognosis goood

21
Q

that is the lethal blood alcohol level

A

men-14-20

women- 12-16

22
Q

what gives absinthe if green color

A

wormwood

23
Q

Sedatives

A

-produce drowsiness sedation and sleep include all the barbiturates and alcohol

24
Q

cirrhosis

A

liver failure from prolonged heavy drinking

25
Q

main example of Benzodiazepines

A

valium

26
Q

Anxiolytics (minor tranquilizers)

A

-minor tranquilizers relieve anxiety symptoms without causing drowsiness Proto typical drug Valium milltown equal in

27
Q

what are the 3 main mood disorders

A

anxiety, depression, mood disorders

28
Q

Obsessive -Compulsive Disorder

symptoms and cause

A

Symptoms: recurrent ideas, irresistible impulses

Prognosis good

29
Q

what are the uses for anxiolytics

A

Ach antagonists, muscle relaxation, taming

– Application: desensitization, ECT

30
Q

Absorbtion of alcohol

A

(20% stomach, 80% small intestine Depends on: volume, concentration, stomach content

31
Q

side effects of alcohol (disease)

A

WERNICKE’S SYNDROME
ALCOHOL PSYCHOSIS (delirium tremens, hallucinations,Korsakoff’s syndrome)
ADDICTION
ACETALDEHYDE TOXICOSIS

32
Q

Flunitrazepam (ROHYPNOL effects

A

amnesia, low BP, confusion, dizziness

33
Q

what is chemical equivalence

A

something contains identical chemical components and active ingredients in identical proportions

34
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Cause psychosis like effects and distortions in perception and cognition

35
Q

metabolite of alcohol

A

– Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) (Asians)

36
Q

what causes bad hangovers

A

Disulfiram (Antabuse) inhibits ALDH

37
Q

Antidepressants

A

-loosely known as stimulants relieve depression and depressed in normal cause excitement and restlessness
Mao inhibitors tricyclics

38
Q

difference between the chemical, generic,trade name for drugs

A

chem- from chemistry
gen- legal name
trade is brand name

39
Q

biological and clinical equivalence

A

bio- same biological effect

clin- same overall effect

40
Q

) phenobarbital (LUMINAL) was discovered by

A

Fischer & Mering

41
Q

what is the leathal dose for alcohol with, sedatives, Anxiolytics,Opiates:

A

sedatives, 4 beers +2 sleeping pills
Anxiolytics: 2-5 times alcohol half life
Opiates: LD (15-30mg morphine+ 6-8 beers)

42
Q

First anesthesia (1903) with barbital

A

(VERONAL)

43
Q

Narcotic Analgesics

A

-Cold opiates cause sleep and relieve pain include morphine opium heroin

44
Q

2 catogories of anxiolytics

A

Propanediols

• Benzodiazepines

45
Q

what effects does alcohol have on the cns (4)

A

– Spinal cord: low dose disinhibits, moderate depresses reflexes
– Medulla: same as above (mechanism for mortality)
– RAS: Special affinity (low dose depress, induce slow wave sleep)
– Limbic System: Depression, inhibitory neurons first

46
Q

the dose reponse cureve is ______ for Anxiolytics, sedatives or alcohol

A

steep

psy 311 (4 decks)

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