Drugs and Dosages

Question 0

thiamine (Vitamin B1)

Answer 0

classification: vitamin B1
indications: alcoholic encephalopathy
dosage: 100 mg IV/IO

Question 1

syrup of ipecac

Answer 1

classification: emetic
indications: induces vomiting
dosage 15-30 ml orally, followed by 3-4 glasses of water

Question 2

promethazine (Phenergan)

Answer 2

classification: antiemetic, antihistamine
indications: reduces nausea/vomiting
dosage: 12.5-25 mg IV/IO/IM

Question 3

proparacaine (Alcaine)

Answer 3

classification: local anesthetic
indications: anesthesia for injuries to the eye
dosage: 1-2 drops per eye

Question 4

ondesterone (Zofran)

Answer 4

classification: antiemetic
indications: reduces nausea/vomiting
dosage: 4-8 mg IV/IO over 1-2 minutes

Question 5

phenytoin (Dilantin)

Answer 5

classification: anticonvulsant
indications: anticonvulsant used for treatment of grand mal seizures
dosage: 15-20 mg IV/IO, 100-125 mg 3x/daily PO

Question 6

naloxone (Narcan)

Answer 6

classification: opioid antidote
indications: opiate/narcotic OD
dosage: 0.04-2.0 mg IV/IO or IM/SQ/ET if no IV access

Question 7

nitrous oxide (Nitronox, Entronox)

Answer 7

classification: inhalation anesthetic
indications: pain relief
dosage: 50/50 mix with oxygen, self administered by Pt

Question 8

midazolam (Versed)

Answer 8

classification: benzodiazepine
indications: sedation and amnesia
dosage: 0.03 mg/kg IV over 30 seconds, max 5 mg

Question 9

morphine sulfate (MS04)

Answer 9

classification: opioid analgesic
indications: severe to excruciating pain, common pain relief for MI, trauma
dosage: 2-10 mg IV/IO titrated, 5-15 mg IM

Question 10

meperidine (Demerol)

Answer 10

classification: corticosteroid
indications: endocrine disorders, croup, asthma exacerbations, allergic states
dosage: 125-250 mg IV/IO or gluteal IM

Question 11

magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)

Answer 11

classification: anticonvulsant, electrolyte
indications: eclampsia, acute asthma attacks, torsades de pointes
dosage: 1-2 gm IV/IO push or drip only

Question 12

mannitol (Osmitrol)

Answer 12

classification: osmotic diuretic
indications: cerebral edema, promotes diuresis in certain drug over dose
dosage: 300-500 mg IV/IO drip only 0.5-2g/kg

Question 13

ketorolac (Toradol)

Answer 13

classification: (NSAID)
indications: used for short term management of pain, ie 60 mg = 800 mg Ibuprofen
dosage: 15-30 mg IV/IO, 30-60 mg IM

Question 14

lorazepam (Ativan)

Answer 14

classification: benzodiazepine
indications: anxiety, status epilepticcus, alcohol withdrawal
dosage: 1-2 mg IV, slowly, up to 4 mg for seizures

Question 15

hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

Answer 15

classification: opiate, analgesic
indications: moderate to severe pain, six times more potent than morphine, can be given if Pt is allergic to morphine
dosage: 0.5-2.0 mg IV/IO titrated 1-2 mg IM

Question 16

Insulin

Answer 16

classification: hormone and anti-hyperglycemic
indications: hyperglycemia
dosage: 5-20 units IV/SQ/IM

Question 17

Glucagon

Answer 17

classification: anti-hypoglycemic
indications: hypoglycemia, beta blocker OD
dosage: 0.5-1.0 mg IV/IO/IM 2-3 mg IV for BB OD

Question 18

haloperidol (Haldol)

Answer 18

classification: antipsychotic
indications: psychotic episodes, antiemetic
dosage: 2-5 mg IM

Question 19

fentanyl (Sublimaze)

Answer 19

classification: narcotic analgesic
indications: pain control, adjunct to anesthesia
dosage: 25-100 mcg IV/IO/IM over 1-2 minutes

Question 20

flumazenil (Mazicon, Romazicon)

Answer 20

classification: benzodiazepine antagonist
indications: reversal of benzodiazepine OD
dosage: 0.2 mg IV/IO only, over 30 sec. 1 mg max dose

Question 21

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Answer 21

classification: antihistamine
indications: allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, dystonic reactions. used as a mild sedative
dosage: 25-50 mg IV/IO/IM over 1-2 minutes

Question 22

droperidol (Inapsine)

Answer 22

classification: antiemetic
indications: reduces nausea/vomiting, sometimes used for acute psychosis
dosage: 1.25-2.5 mg IV/IO over 1-2 minutes

Question 23

50% Dextrose in Water (D50W)

Answer 23

classification: anti-hypoglycemic
indications: hypoglycemia, cerebral edema, hyperkalemia,
dosage: 25 gm IV/IO slowly (10cc/min)

Question 24

diazepam (Valium)

Answer 24

classification: benzodiazepine
indications: skeletal muscle relaxer, acute alcohol withdrawal, provides relaxation and amnesia for elective cardioversion
dosage: 2-5 mg IV/IO over 1-2 minutes

Question 25

activated charcoal

Answer 25

classification: antidote
indications: oral poisoning/drug overdose (following emesis)
dosage: 50-100 gm orally or through lavage tube

Question 26

dexamethazone (Decadron)

Answer 26

classification: corticosteroid
indications: various inflammatory conditions, high potency, more potent than prednisolone
dosage: 4-24 mg IV/IO action onset in 2-6 hours