Drugs and behavior Chapter 5

Question 1

chemical name of drug

Answer 1

complete chemical description of the molecule and is derived from he rules of organic chemistry for naming any compund

Question 2

generic

Answer 2

name that specifics a particular chemical bu not a particular brand

Question 3

brand name

Answer 3

specifies a particular formulation and manufacturer and the trademark to the manufacturer

Question 4

stimulant drugs

Answer 4

produce wakefulness and sense of energy and well- being

Question 5

depressant drugs

Answer 5

depress the inhibitory parts of the brain leading to dis inhibition or relaxationand talkativeness that can give way to recklessness

Question 6

opiods

Answer 6

group of analgesic (painkilling) drugs that produce a relaxed, dream like state; moderately high doses often induce sleep

Question 7

hallucinogens

Answer 7

produce altered perceptions, including unusual visual sensations and changes in perception of one’s own body

Question 8

psychotheraputic drugs

Answer 8

variety of drugs prescribed by psychiatrists and other physicians for the control of mental problem

Question 9

antipsychotics

Answer 9

calm psychotic patients and overtime can help them control hallucinations and illogical thoughts

Question 10

antidepressants

Answer 10

help some people recover more rapidly from seriously depressed mood states

Question 11

nonspecific effects of a drug

Answer 11

those that derive from the user’s background and particular perception of the world

Question 12

placebo

Answer 12

inactive drug

Question 13

double- blind prcedure

Answer 13

experiment in which neither the doctor nor the patient knows which drug is being used

Question 14

dose- response curve

Answer 14

a graph comparing the size of response to the amount of drug

Question 15

ED50

Answer 15

effective dose for half of the animals tested

Question 16

LD50

Answer 16

lethal does for half of the animals tested

Question 17

therapeutic index

Answer 17

ratio of LD50 to ED50

Question 18

saftey margin

Answer 18

dosage difference between an acceptable level of effectiveness and the lowest toxic dose

Question 19

side effects

Answer 19

unintended effects that accompany therapeutic effects

Question 20

potency

Answer 20

measured by the amount of drug required to produce an effect

Question 21

time effect

Answer 21

timing of the onset, duration, and termination of a drug’s effect

Question 22

cumulative effect

Answer 22

effects of giving multiple doses of the same drug

Question 23

lipid solubility

Answer 23

tendency of a chemical to dissolve in fat, as opposed to water

Question 24

intravenous

Answer 24

injection directly into a vein

Question 25

subcutaneous

Answer 25

injection under the skin

Question 26

intramuscular

Answer 26

injection into a muscle

Question 27

lipopilic

Answer 27

the extent to which chemicals can be dissolved in oils and fats

Question 28

metabolite

Answer 28

product of enzyme action on a drug

Question 29

active metabolites

Answer 29

metabolites that have drug actions on a drug

Question 30

prodrugs

Answer 30

drugs that are inactive until acted on by enzymes in the body

Question 31

drug disposition tolerance

Answer 31

tolerance caused by more rapid elimination of a drug

Question 32

behavioral tolerance

Answer 32

tolerance caused by learned adaption to the drug

Question 33

pharmacodynamic tolerance

Answer 33

tolerance caused by altered nervous system senstivity