drugs affecting GI tract/ obesity Flashcards
vitamins are required for
normal body metabolism, growth and development; for formation of RBCs, nerve cells, hormones, genetic material, bone and other tissues
water soluble vitamins are not stored in
the body, they are rapidly eliminated (B complex, C)
fat soluble vitamins are stored
in the body when taken in excess and absorbed from the intestine with dietary fat (A, D, E, K)
vitamin C is good for
wound healing, infection prevention, tissue repair
vitamin B (complex) are good for
metabolism, energy
minerals and electrolytes are essential for
bone, teeth, cell membranes, connective tissue, and many essential enzymes
main electrolytes
calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium
when you have kidney failure what is one thing wrong with potassium balance
there is an excess amount of potassium build up
if you have a excess amount of potassium in the body, what medication do you give to reserve this
sodium polystyrene sulfonate; exchanges potassium with sodium ions through bowels
when replacing electrolytes what do you pay attention to
the recommended daily allowance (RDA), changes in diet (adding fruits & veggies), renal failure, hepatic failure, vitamin K
if patients have renal or hepatic failure they need
special supplements designed with what electrolytes they need and not to exceed certain electrolytes
vitamin K works on
the clotting enzymes in the liver and can be used to reverse effects of warfarin
when taking warfarin, you want to avoid what foods
green leafy vegetables
obese is a BMI > ……
30kg/m2
drugs to treat obesity
phentermine, orlistat
phentermine works in what way/ MOA
appetite suppression/ stimulation of the satiety center in the hypothalamic and limbic region & slows reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine
adverse effects of phentermine
nervousness, hyperactivity, dry mouth, constipation, hypertension
phentermine recommended use
short term, less than 3 months, use in combo with diet and exercise
phentermine is in what drug class
adrenergic anorexiant
orlistat is in what drug class
lipase inhibitor
orlistat works in what way/ MOA
decreased fat absorption, decreased caloric intake/ binds to gastric & pancreatic, prevents the absorption of 30% of ingested fat
adverse effects of orlistat
abdominal pain, oily spotting, fecal urgency & incontinence, flatulence with discharge, fatty stools, increased defecation (because your not absorbing the food you eat, it is passing right through)
nursing interventions for obesity
calculate BMI, measure waist circumference, assess for complications from obesity, assess lab valves, review drugs that may cause weight gain, assess physical activity, be a reliable source of information
patient teaching for obesity
keep a food diary for 2 or 3 days, keep an activity diary, help pts formulate realistic goals (2lbs/ week), any exercise can be beneficial, measure waist circumference, support groups
