drugs affecting GI tract/ obesity

Question 1

vitamins are required for

Answer 1

normal body metabolism, growth and development; for formation of RBCs, nerve cells, hormones, genetic material, bone and other tissues

Question 2

water soluble vitamins are not stored in

Answer 2

the body, they are rapidly eliminated (B complex, C)

Question 3

fat soluble vitamins are stored

Answer 3

in the body when taken in excess and absorbed from the intestine with dietary fat (A, D, E, K)

Question 4

vitamin C is good for

Answer 4

wound healing, infection prevention, tissue repair

Question 5

vitamin B (complex) are good for

Answer 5

metabolism, energy

Question 6

minerals and electrolytes are essential for

Answer 6

bone, teeth, cell membranes, connective tissue, and many essential enzymes

Question 7

main electrolytes

Answer 7

calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium

Question 8

when you have kidney failure what is one thing wrong with potassium balance

Answer 8

there is an excess amount of potassium build up

Question 9

if you have a excess amount of potassium in the body, what medication do you give to reserve this

Answer 9

sodium polystyrene sulfonate; exchanges potassium with sodium ions through bowels

Question 10

when replacing electrolytes what do you pay attention to

Answer 10

the recommended daily allowance (RDA), changes in diet (adding fruits & veggies), renal failure, hepatic failure, vitamin K

Question 11

if patients have renal or hepatic failure they need

Answer 11

special supplements designed with what electrolytes they need and not to exceed certain electrolytes

Question 12

vitamin K works on

Answer 12

the clotting enzymes in the liver and can be used to reverse effects of warfarin

Question 13

when taking warfarin, you want to avoid what foods

Answer 13

green leafy vegetables

Question 14

obese is a BMI > ……

Answer 14

30kg/m2

Question 15

drugs to treat obesity

Answer 15

phentermine, orlistat

Question 16

phentermine works in what way/ MOA

Answer 16

appetite suppression/ stimulation of the satiety center in the hypothalamic and limbic region & slows reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine

Question 17

adverse effects of phentermine

Answer 17

nervousness, hyperactivity, dry mouth, constipation, hypertension

Question 18

phentermine recommended use

Answer 18

short term, less than 3 months, use in combo with diet and exercise

Question 19

phentermine is in what drug class

Answer 19

adrenergic anorexiant

Question 20

orlistat is in what drug class

Answer 20

lipase inhibitor

Question 21

orlistat works in what way/ MOA

Answer 21

decreased fat absorption, decreased caloric intake/ binds to gastric & pancreatic, prevents the absorption of 30% of ingested fat

Question 22

adverse effects of orlistat

Answer 22

abdominal pain, oily spotting, fecal urgency & incontinence, flatulence with discharge, fatty stools, increased defecation (because your not absorbing the food you eat, it is passing right through)

Question 23

nursing interventions for obesity

Answer 23

calculate BMI, measure waist circumference, assess for complications from obesity, assess lab valves, review drugs that may cause weight gain, assess physical activity, be a reliable source of information

Question 24

patient teaching for obesity

Answer 24

keep a food diary for 2 or 3 days, keep an activity diary, help pts formulate realistic goals (2lbs/ week), any exercise can be beneficial, measure waist circumference, support groups