Drugs Flashcards
Atorvastatin
statin for lowering cholesterol
adcal D3
calcium carbonate and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
Mechanism of action:
vitamin D3 is needed for calcium and phosphate regulation
alendronate
alendronic acid is used for patients with osteoporosis
Inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone reabsorption
Rivoxaban
Anticoagulant drug used to prevent stroke etc. Often used in patients with AF
Mechanism:
Works by inhibiting both free and bound factor Xa
Tamulosin
Used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia by relaxing the bladder sphincter to make passing urine easier
Mechanism of action:
alpha blocker
Gliclazide
Diabetic medication
Mechanism of action:
Increases the release of insulin
Gliclazide
Diabetic medication
Mechanism of action:
Increases the release of insulin
Montelukast
Leukotriene receptor antagonist used for treatment of asthma
omeprazole/lansoprazole
proton pump inhibitors used for the treatment of Gord and peptic ulcers
Cinnarizine
usually prescribed for nausea and vomiting and works by being a calcium channel blocker in the brain
Digoxin
Cardiac glycoside increases the force of myocardial contraction and reduces conductivity within the AV node. For arrhythmias, controlling HF in sinus rhythm and AF or flutter.
Ezetimibe
Used for hypercholesterolaemia with a statin
Aspirin
Antiplatelet. Indication- CVD secondary prevention, management of unstable angina and non ST elevation MI and management of STEMI, transient ischaemia attack, ischaemia stroke
Bisoprolol
Hypertension and angina, adjunct in HF
Clopidogrel
Prevention of atherothrombotic events in percutaneous coronary intervention. reduce the rate of MI and stroke in patients with: non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina/non-ST-elevation MI) or acute ST-elevation MI; history of recent MI, recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease
Furosemide
Loop diuretic inhibits absorption in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle in the renal tubule
Class 1 antiarrhythmics
Sodium channel blockers by binding to sites on the alpha subunits: Quinidine, lidocaine, flecainide, propranolol, amiodarone
Class 2 antiarrhythmics
Beta adrenoceptor antagonists eg. Metoprolol
Class 3 antiarrhythmics
Amiodarone and sotalol, block some of the potassium channels involved in repolarisation so increases the refractory period.
Class 4 antiarrhythmics
Voltage sensitive calcium channel blockers (L type channels). Such as verapamil.
What percentage of penicillin allergic patients are allergic to cephlasporins?
0.5%
What advice should be given to patients when taking alendronic acid?
Should be taken on an empty stomach at least 30 mins before breakfast
Should remain standing or sitting upright for at least 30 mins after taken
Should have regular dental checkups for osteonecrosis of the jaw caused by bisphophoates
bisphosphonates cause constipation
