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Oncology > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Doxorubicin

A

Anthracycline, cytotoxic antibiotic

Irreversible cardiomyopathy
High emetogenicity
Alopecia
Orange discolouration of urine
Radiation recall
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2
Q

Bleomycin

A

Cytotoxic antibiotic

Pulmonary fibrosis
Oxygen toxicity

Capped cumulative lifetime dose
Used in testicular germ cell cancer regimens

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3
Q

Docetaxel

A

Taxane

Fluid retention
Peripheral neuropathy
Hypersensitivity reaction

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4
Q

Paclitaxel

A

Taxane

Peripheral neuropathy
Myalgias
Nail changes
Skin rash
Pneumonitis
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5
Q

Pemetrexed

A

Folate antimetabolite

Skin rash
Myelosuppression

Premedicate with Vitamin B12 and folic acid
Used in mesothelioma

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6
Q

Methotrexate

A

Folate antimetabolite

Nephrotoxicity
Fluid retention due to excess fluid loading required to prevent precipitation in kidneys

Folinic acid rescue is used to prevent side effects

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7
Q

Gemcitabine

A

Antimetabolite - nucleoside analog

Pneumonitis

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8
Q

5-Fluorouracil

A

Anti-metabolite - pyrimidine analog

Diarrhoea
Coronary artery spasm
Hand and foot syndrome (plantar-palmar erythrodyesthesia or PPE)
Mucositis

Deficiency in DPD (dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase) enzyme prediposes to increased toxicity

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9
Q

Capecitabine

A

Prodrug of 5-FU

Diarrhoea
Coronary artery spasm
PPE
Mucositis

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10
Q

Carboplatin

A

Platinum alkylating agent

Hypersensitivity
Myelosuppression (dose limiting)

Dosed on AUC

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11
Q

Cisplatin

A

Platinum alklyating agent

High emetogenicity
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Peripheral neuropathy
Electrolyte wasting (K, Mg)
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12
Q

Oxaliplatin

A

Platinum

Cold dysasthsia - sensitivity and spasm to cold exposure
Hypersensitivity reaction
Anaphylaxis

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13
Q

Irinotecan

A

Topoisomerase 1 inhibitor

Bowel spasm
Cholinergic reaction - diarrhoea, flushing, abdo cramps, hypersalivation, sweating

Can pre-medicate with atropine

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14
Q

Etoposide

A

Topoisomerase 2 inhibitor

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15
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

Alkylating agent

Haemorrhagic cystitis
AML
Bladder cancer
Infertility
Fanconi syndrome
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16
Q

Dacarbazine

A

Alkylating agent

High emetogenicity

17
Q

Temozolmide

A

Alkylating agent

Cerebral oedema

18
Q

Tamoxifen

A

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)

Hot flushes
Increased risk of endometrial cancer
Increased VTE risk
Glaucoma

19
Q

Anastrozole/Letrozole/Exemestane

A

Aromatase inhibitors (non steroidal and steroidal)

Arthralgia
Osteoporosis
Hot flushes
Vaginal dryness

20
Q

Bicalutamide/Flutamide

A

Androgen receptor antagonist

Gynaecomastia
Breast pain
Hot flushes
Reduced libido

21
Q

Goserelin/Leuprorelin

A

GnRH agonist

Initial tumour flare - bone pain
Reduced bone mineral density
Hot flushes
Decreased libido

22
Q

Abiraterone

A

Androgen synthesis inhibitor

Hypertension
Hypokalaemia
Fluid retention

ADRs due to mineralocorticoid excess which is reduced by giving concomitant steroids

23
Q

Imatanib

A

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Used in GIST and CML

Fluid retention

24
Q

Lapatanib

A

Dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor (HER2 and EGFR)
Used in metastatic HER2 positive breast ca

Diarrhoea
Interstitial lung disease

25
Q

Sunitinib/Pazopanib

A

Multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Used in metastatic clear cell renal cancer

Hypertension
Bleeding
Impaired wound healing
Thromboembolism
Yellow skin discolouration
PPE
26
Q

Erlotinib/Gefitinib

A

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Used in EGFR mutant lung cancer

Acneiform rash
Diarrhoea
Pneumonitis

27
Q

Crizotinib

A

ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Used in ALK mutant lung cancer

Sinus bradycardia
Visual disturbance
Pneumonitis
Diarrhoea

28
Q

Dabrafenib/Trametinib

A

Dabrafenib - BRAF inhibitor
Trametinib - MEK inhibitor
Used in BRAF mutant melanoma

Non infectious fevers
Skin SCCs and hyperkeratosis
Ocular toxicity

29
Q

Trastuzumab

A

Monoclonal antibody against HER2
Used in HER2 positive breast ca

Reversible cardiomyopathy
Flu like symptoms
Hypersensitivity reactions

30
Q

Pertuzumab

A

Monoclonal antibody preventing dimerization of HER2
Used in metastatic HER2 positive breast ca

Reversible cardiomyopathy
Hypersensitivity reaction

31
Q

Cetuximab/Panitunumab

A

Monoclonal antibody against EGFR
Used in KRAS wildtype metastatic colorectal cancer

Hypersensitivity
Rash

32
Q

Trastuzumab + emtansine (TDM1)

A

Monoclonal antibody against HER2 linked to a microtubule inhibitor
Used in metastatic HER2 positive breast cancer (2nd line)

Reversible cardiomyopathy
Thrombocytopenia

33
Q

Rituximab

A

Monoclonal antibody against CD20
Used in non Hodgkins lymphoma

Flu like symptoms
Hypersensitivity
Rarely associated with PML (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy)

34
Q

Bevacizumab

A

Monoclonal antibody against VEGF

Haemorrhage
Thromboembolism
Wound healing
Hypertension
Proteinuria
35
Q

Ipilimumab

A

Monoclonal antibody against CTLA-4
Used in metastatic melanoma

Immune side effects:
Colitis
Endocrinopathy - hypophysitis, adrenal insufficiency
Rash, TEN
Hepatotoxicity
Neuro - GBS, myasthenia
36
Q

Pembrolizumab/Nivolumab

A

Monoclonal antibody against PD1
Used in metastatic melanoma

Immune side effects:
Pneumonitis
Colitis
Nephritis
Endocrinopathy
Hepatitis

Oncology (14 decks)

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