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Drugs Flashcards

0
Q

What kind of drug is alcohol

A

CNS depressant

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1
Q

CNS depressants. What are they? What types are there?

A

They are sedative-hypnotics.

Alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, flunitrazepam, methaqualone

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2
Q

What kind of drug are barbiturates

A

CNS depressants

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3
Q

What kind of drug are benzodiazepines

A

CNS depressants

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4
Q

What kind of drug is flunitrazepam?

A

CNS depressants

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5
Q

What kind of drug is methaqualone?

A

CNS depressant

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6
Q

What is flunitrazepam also known as?

A

Rohypnol, roofies, rope

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7
Q

What is methaqualone also known as

A

Sopor, ludes

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8
Q

Are benzodiazepines or barbiturates preferred

A

Benzodiazepines are preferred over barbiturates because they are safer and longer acting. They are less harmful if a od is attempted

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9
Q

What are examples of benzodiazepines

A

Librium, Valium, Xanax

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10
Q

What is the initial response of barbiturates

A

Euphoria

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11
Q

CNS depressants are _____

A

Downers

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12
Q

What CNS depressants is there a life threatening withdraw with

A

Alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates

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13
Q

When is onset of CNS depressant after person stops using

A

8-24 hours after they stop using. They can have seizures

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14
Q

What symptoms will you see when somebody is trying to withdraw from CNS depressant

A

Increased temperature, increased heart rate, increased BP

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15
Q

If somebody is not being treated at 48 hour mark for CNS depressant withdraw what may they start having

A

Hallucinations

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16
Q

What may you see at 3-5 day mark if not being treated for CNS depressant withdraw

A

Severe withdraw of delirium tremens. Which is a severe form of alcohol withdraw that involves sudden and severe mental or nervous system changes

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17
Q

How long can confusion last after somebody stops using CNS depressants

A

Up to 50 days

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18
Q

What is Wernicke’s-Korsakoff Syndrome?

A

Brain disorder related to thiamine deficiency. Can have issues with memory, attention deficit, disorientation, and vision impairment. It is usually secondary to alcohol abuse.

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19
Q

What will you see with alcohol withdraw delirium with delirium tremens

A

Loss of muscle coordination, unsteady gait, make up stories

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20
Q

What are signs of phenobarbital toxicity

A

Nystagmus, slurred speech, ataxia

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21
Q

Should you abruptly withdraw from barbiturates and benzodiazepines

A

No abrupt cessation can lead to death

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22
Q

What should word detox be replaced with

A

Therapeutic discontinuation

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23
Q

What are the two stimulants

A

Methamphetamine and cocaine

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24
Is methamphetamine or cocaine longer lasting?
Methamphetamine is longer lasting
25
What can long term use of methamphetamine cause
Psychosis like schizophrenia
26
What things will you see with someone who uses meth
Tooth decay, skin lesions, memory impairment
27
What feeling do people who use meth get?
It's a upper they get euphoria
28
How can cocaine be used
Iv, inhaled, smoked
29
What feeling do people who use cocaine get?
Euphoria
30
What does meth do with neurotransmitters
Pushes norepinephrine and dopamine into synapse causing stimulation
31
What does cocaine do with neurotransmitters
Block reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine so more in synapse and receptors continually activated
32
What system is affected with cocaine use
Cardiac
33
How long does rush from cocaine last
Only 10-15seconds, then 15-20 seconds after less intense, then they crash
34
Signs and symptoms of intoxication with stimulants
Dilated pupils, increased pulse, increased blood pressure
35
Signs and symptoms of OD with stimulants
Respiratory depression, cardiac event, hyperpyrexia
36
What do you treat stimulant OD with
Antipsychotics
37
What do you treat stimulant withdraw with
Antidepressants
38
What do you see with stimulant withdraw
They crave it, fatigue, lethargy
39
What should you look for with meth users
Paranoia
40
What are the three legal uses of stimulants
Narcolepsy, ADHD, short term weight reduction....high abuse potential but use out-ways risks
41
What are examples of opiates
Opium, heroin, meperidine, morphine, codeine, fentanyl, oxycodone HCL, Vicodin
42
What does withdraw of opiates feel like for people
Uncomfortable, typically not dangerous, feel like they have the worst case of the flu
43
What is methadone
Medication that helps with opiate withdrawal symptoms and does not interfere with the way they think
44
What can overdose of opiates cause
Coma, respiratory depression, death
45
What are the natural opiates in the brain
Endorphins and enkephalins
46
Signs and symptoms of intoxication of opiates
Constructed pupils, euphoria, drowsiness, decreased respirations, decreased blood pressure
47
Signs and symptoms of opiate withdrawal
Insomnia, body aches, chills, diarrhea
48
What can be given quickly to help reverse effects of opiates
Narcan
49
What is nursing assessment of someone who is taking Clonidine
Watch vitals because blood pressure can bottom out
50
Are cannabinoids a CNS depressant?
No the cause sedation not a CNS depressant
51
What feelings do cannabinoids give people
Relaxation and mild euphoria
52
What are medical uses of cannabinoids
Oncology patients to decrease nausea
53
What is it called when people are heavy users of marijuana for a prolonged period of time characterized as suffering from apathy, dullness, lethargy, and impairment of judgement
Amotivational syndrome
54
What can heavy daily usage of cannabinoids cause
Psychosis
55
What are signs and symptoms of cannabinoids intoxication
Mild euphoria and slowed reaction time
56
Toxicity of cannabinoids?
Must have large doses and will get toxic psychosis
57
Withdrawal of cannabinoids?
No clear pattern
58
Examples of cannabinoids
Marijuana and hashish
59
What are examples of hallucinogens
LSD, psilocybin, Mescaline-peyote
60
Characteristics of LSD
Colorless and tasteless, can put in food or drink unknowingly
61
What kind of distortions are there with hallucinogens
Space, time and perceptual distortions
62
What are effects of hallucinogens
Bright colors and sound, smell, and taste heightened
63
How are flashbacks with hallucinogens?
Long lasting after they quit taking
64
Do hallucinogens cause physical dependance?
They are not believed to
65
Signs and symptoms of hallucinogen intoxication
Mind altering experiences, increased heart rate , fear of going crazy, diaphoresis
66
Toxicity with hallucinogens
Brain damage and death
67
What should you do for somebody who is going through Withdrawal of hallucinogens
Low stimuli setting, minimal lights and sounds, and one person at a time in room to provide care
68
What are examples of dissociative anestheics
PCP (Phencyclidine) and Ketamine
69
What may dissociative anesthetics cause
Euphoria, violence, distorted perceptions, psychotic reaction (like they are outside their own body), anesthetic so no pain, and unpredictability
70
What is the big concern with dissociative anesthetics
Violence
71
What are signs and symptoms of intoxication with dissociative anesthetics
Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, numbness, bizarre behaviors
72
What will you see with toxicity of dissociative anesthetics
Psychosis and seizures
73
What is important about withdraw of dissociative anesthetics
Do not attempt to talk them down and if they go into respiratory distress then that is when you perform medical intervention
74
What is MDMA also known as
Ecstasy
75
What is example of a amphetamine like and hallucinogenic drug
Ecstasy
76
What are the primary effects of ecstasy
Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and risk for cardiac events
77
What can ecstasy make people have
Muscle tension, teeth clenching, faintness, chills, sweating
78
What are withdraw signs and symptoms of ecstasy
Fatigue, depressed feeling, trouble concentrating
79
What are adverse effects of ecstasy
Clouded thinking, hyperthermia, disturbed behavior, and jaw clenching
80
What are signs of inhalants intoxication
Euphoric state, similar to alcohol, mind altering, slurred speech, lack of coordination, dizziness, hallucinations, delusions
81
Signs of inhalant toxicity
Overdose, sudden death because of anoxia to brain and/or respiratory depression
82
What can happen to people who chronically use inhalants but don't overdose
Toxic to kidney and liver
83
Nursing care of people who use inhalants
Safety, decreased stimulation, monitor respiratory status
84
What is the leading cause of preventable death
Use of nicotine
85
What is nicotine
A stimulant and depressant
86
What does nicotine do to the body?
Stimulants adrenal gland to release epinephrine; epinephrine increases BP, heart rate, and respiratory rate; epinephrine also suppresses release of insulin so someone that has chronic nicotine intake could possibly have higher blood sugars
87
What are people who use nicotine at a increased risk for?
Emphysema, lung cancer, heart attack, stroke
88
What happens to chronic men who use anabolic steroids
Shrink testicles, decreased sperm count puts at increased risk for prostate cancer, will do PSA blood test every so often to test for prostate cancer
89
What happens to women who are chronic users of anabolic steroids
Male like features, facial hair, male pattern baldness
90
When is Antibuse used?
For an alcoholic trying to maintain abstinence
91
What instructions should somebody on Antibuse know
Cannot take any intake of alcohol while on, instruct about mouthwash, lotions, perfumes, and cough medicine containing some alcohol, and if a patient stops Antibuse no alcohol for 14 days
92
What will happen if a person on Antibuse drinks alcohol
Severe bad headache, N/v, lowered Bp, increased pulse, sob, chest pain, palpitations
93
How long does Antibuse stay in your system after you stop it?
14 days so you cannot drink or it will cause then to have the symptoms

Mental health (4 decks)

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