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CVPR Unit 1 > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Furosamide:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
  • Adverse?
  • Electro effects?
A
  • Loop diuretic
  • Act on thick ascending limb to block NaCl cotransporter
  • HF, volume overload
  • Hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis; hyperuricemia
  • Increase uric, decrease K, H, Ca, Mg
  • Efficacious*
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2
Q

HCT:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
  • Adverse?
  • Electro effects?
A
  • Thiazide diuretic
  • Distal conv. tubule inhibits NaCl co-trans
  • HF, volume overload; supplement loop
  • hypokalemia
  • Small decrease in K and H; big increase in Ca and uric
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3
Q

Spironalactone:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
  • Adverse?
  • Electro effects?
A
  • Potassium sparing diuretic
  • Collecting tubule; aldo receptor antag on heart
  • HF, anti remodelling, RAAS antag
  • Hyperkalemia; gynocamastia
  • More potassium
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4
Q

Epleronone:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
  • Adverse?
  • Electro effects?
A
  • Potassium sparing diuretic
  • Collecting tubule; aldo receptor antag on heart
  • HF, anti remodelling, RAAS antag
  • Hyperkalemia
  • More potassium
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5
Q

Lisinopril:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
  • Adverse?
  • Electro effects?
A
  • ACE vasodilator
  • Inhibit Ang1 –> Ang 2
  • HF, inhibit vasoconstriction, less Bradykinin breakdown, anti remodelling, inhibit aldosterone
  • Cough, hyperkalemia
  • Increase K+
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6
Q

Captopril:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
  • Adverse?
  • Electro effects?
A
  • ACE vasodilator
  • Inhibit Ang1 –> Ang 2
  • HF, inhibit vasoconstriction, less Bradykinin breakdown, anti remodelling, inhibit aldosterone
  • Cough, hyperkalemia
  • Increase K+
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7
Q

Enalopril:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
  • Adverse?
  • Electro effects?
A
  • ACE vasodilator
  • Inhibit Ang1 –> Ang 2
  • HF, inhibit vasoconstriction, less Bradykinin breakdown, anti remodelling, inhibit aldosterone
  • Cough, hyperkalemia
  • Increase K+
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8
Q

Valsartan:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
  • Adverse?
  • Electro effects?
A
  • ARB vasodilator
  • ANG2 receptor antagonist
  • HF, anti remodelling, inhibit vasoconstriction, inhibit aldo
  • Slow on/off, high half life, many DDI’s
  • Increase K+
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9
Q

Losartan:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
  • Adverse?
  • Electro effects?
A
  • ARB vasodilator
  • ANG2 receptor antagonist
  • HF, anti remodelling, inhibit vasoconstriction, inhibit aldo
  • Slow on/off, high half life, many DDI’s
  • Increase K+
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10
Q

Candasartan:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
  • Adverse?
  • Electro effects?
A
  • ARB vasodilator
  • ANG2 receptor antagonist
  • HF, anti remodelling, inhibit vasoconstriction, inhibit aldo
  • Slow on/off, high half life, many DDI’s
  • Increase K+
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11
Q

Propranolol:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
A
  • BB

- Not approved for HF

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12
Q

Metroprolol:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
A
  • BB
  • B2 antagonist
  • anti remodeling, reduces HR to improve EF
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13
Q

Carvedilol:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
A
  • BB
  • a1, B1, B2 antagonist
  • anti remodeling, reduces HR to improve EF
  • Gold Standard*
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14
Q

Digoxin:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
A
  • Inotrope/ cardiac glycoside
  • Na+/K+ ATP-ase antagonist; increases in IC Na+ leads to increase IC calcium
  • Improves CO, EF, and pump function
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15
Q

Milranone:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
A
  • Inotrope/ PDEI
  • Prevent breakdown of cAMP by PDE
  • HF
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16
Q

Dobutamine:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
A
  • Inotrope/ Beta adrenergic agonist
  • Potent B1 agonist
  • CHF
  • Less B receptor down regulation*
17
Q

Epinephrine:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
A
  • Inotrope/ Beta adrenergic agonist
  • a and B receptors
  • CHF, cardiopulmonary bypass
18
Q

Norepinephrin:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
A
  • Inotrope/ Beta adrenergic agonist
  • Less potent than epi at B2; potent a1 agonist (vasoconstrictor)
  • HF
19
Q

Dopamine

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Treat?
A
  • Inotrope/ Beta adrenergic agonist
  • Increase and decrease NE
  • Low dose vasodilator/ high dose vasoconstrictor
20
Q

Procainamide:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Effect on phase 2? Conduction rate? Refractory period? Upstroke?
  • Misc?
A
  • Class 1a anti arrhythmic
  • Na channel blocker
  • Prolongs phase 2; slower; longer; slower
  • Fast AP’s
21
Q

Flecaininide:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Effect on phase 2? Conduction rate? Refractory period? Upstroke?
  • Misc?
A
  • Class 1c anti arrhythmic
  • Na channel blocker
  • pronounced slowing upstroke; mildly longer depolorization
  • Fast AP’s
22
Q

Lidocaine:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Effect on phase 2? Conduction rate? Refractory period? Upstroke?
  • Misc?
A
  • Class 1b anti arrhythmic
  • Na channel blocker
  • slow upstroke; mildly shorter depolarization, prolonged phase 4
  • Fast AP’s
23
Q

Propranolol:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Effect on phase 2? Conduction rate? Refractory period? Upstroke?
  • Misc?
A
  • Class 2 anti arrhythmic
  • B-AR
  • Increased refractory period
  • Reduces pacing
  • SLow AP’s
24
Q

Amiodarone:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Effect on phase 2? Conduction rate? Refractory period? Upstroke?
  • Misc?
A
  • Class 3 anti arrhythmic
  • K+ channel blocker
  • prolongs phase 2; lengthens refractory period
  • Fast AP’s
25
Q

Ibutillide:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Effect on phase 2? Conduction rate? Refractory period? Upstroke?
  • Misc?
A
  • Class 3 anti arrhythmic
  • K+ channel blocker
  • prolongs phase 2; lengthens refractory period
  • Fast AP’s
26
Q

Verapimil:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Effect on phase 2? Conduction rate? Refractory period? Upstroke?
  • Misc?
A
  • Class 4 anti arrhythmic
  • Increases refractory period
  • Slows upstroke
  • Slow AP’s
27
Q

Dilitiazam:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Effect on phase 2? Conduction rate? Refractory period? Upstroke?
  • Misc?
A
  • Class 4 anti arrhythmic
  • Increases refractory period
  • Slows upstroke
  • Slow AP’s
28
Q

Adenosine:

  • Type of drug?
  • M of A?
  • Effect on phase 2? Conduction rate? Refractory period? Upstroke?
  • Misc?
A
  • Class x anti arrhythmic
  • A1 adenosine receptor antagonsit
  • Decrease Ifunny, and CaL; increase K+
  • Lowers SA/AV firing rate
  • Slow AP’s
29
Q

Atropine

A
  • Inotropic Drug
  • Blocks M2 and increases rate of slow AP
  • Decreased vagal effect
30
Q

Isoproteronol

A
  • Inotropic drug

- B1 agonist which increases AC conduction and rate

CVPR Unit 1 (9 decks)

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