Drugs Flashcards
When is propranolol indicated?
thyroid storm; beta-blockers shut down the widespread sympathetic activity –>IV
When are calcium channel blockers indicated?
ditiazem; used for thyroid storm is patient is not able to tolerate beta-blockers
propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole are indicated for what thyroid disorder?
hyperthyroidism
what is the black box warning for PTU?
liver failure/severe liver injury
MOA PTU
inhibits oxidation of iodine
How many doses a day for PTU?
multiple, unlike methimazole
Which is preferred for a younger population: methimazole or PTU
methimazole
Which one can be used in thyroid storm: PTU or methimazole?
PTU
Most common AE of methimazole
hypothyroid
synthetic T4
levothyroxine
synthetic T3
liotrix
AE of liotrix
cardiovascular risks! increased BP, anxiety, tremor, increased appetite
what are the rapid onset insulins?
lispro, aspart, gluisine
What is the longest acting insulin
glargine (24 hr duration)
What is an intermediate long acting insulin?
detemir (17 hr duration)
What’s the onset of regular insulin?
30-60 minutes
What’s the difference between insulin bolus and basal?
bolus: rapid analogs for meals
basal: long acting analogs
How do you initiate insulin treatment is DM II?
start by keeping oral doses at adding bedtime dose or long acting analog
When is glucocorticoid use indicated?
Addison’s, adrenal (cortisol) insufficiency
What should you give with glucocorticoid steroids?
PPI’s- to protect the GI tract
What is fludrocortisone?
mineralocorticoid; MUST TAPER
alendronate, risendronate, pamidronate, zoledronic acid are in what drug class?
bisphosphonates
What are bisphosphonates used for?
osteoporosis, paget’s disease
What is raloxifene?
selective estrogen receptor modulator;
what is raloxifene used for?
prevents bone loss post-menopause but decreases effectiveness of levothyroxine
what are you at increased risk for when using estrogen therapy?
increased risk of breast cancer and endometrial cancer; don’t use with grapefruit juice
Indications for calcitonin
reduces bone resorption, also relieves pain
